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Contents. Testicular cancer. 7.4 × 5.5-cm seminoma in a radical orchiectomy specimen. Testicular cancer is cancer that develops in the testicles, a part of the male reproductive system. [ 2 ] Symptoms may include a lump in the testicle or swelling or pain in the scrotum. [ 2 ] Treatment may result in infertility.
Relative incidences of testicular tumors, showing seminoma at bottom left. [2] A seminoma is a germ cell tumor of the testicle or, more rarely, the mediastinum or other extra-gonadal locations. It is a malignant neoplasm and is one of the most treatable and curable cancers, with a survival rate above 95% if discovered in early stages.
Testicular enlargement is an unspecific sign of various testicular diseases, and can be defined as a testicular size of more than 5 cm × 3 cm (short axis). [42] Blue balls is a condition concerning temporary fluid congestion in the testicles and prostate region, caused by prolonged sexual arousal.
The mammalian Leydig cell is a polyhedral epithelioid cell with a single eccentrically located ovoid nucleus. The nucleus contains one to three prominent nucleoli and large amounts of dark-staining peripheral heterochromatin. The acidophilic cytoplasm usually contains numerous membrane-bound lipid droplets and large amounts of smooth ...
Cancer is a group of diseases involving abnormal cell growth with the potential to invade or spread to other parts of the body. [ 2 ][ 7 ] These contrast with benign tumors, which do not spread. [ 7 ] Possible signs and symptoms include a lump, abnormal bleeding, prolonged cough, unexplained weight loss, and a change in bowel movements. [ 1 ]
These types include: Carcinoma: Cancers derived from epithelial cells. This group includes many of the most common cancers that occur in older adults. Nearly all cancers developing in the breast, prostate, lung, pancreas, and colon are carcinomas. Sarcoma: Cancers arising from connective tissue (i.e. bone, cartilage, fat, nerve), each of which ...
Testicular cancer metastasizes in a predictable pattern, and lymph nodes in the retroperitoneum are typically the first place it lands. [1] [2] By examining the removed lymphatic tissue, a pathologist can determine whether the disease has spread. If no malignant tissue is found, the cancer can be labeled Stage I, limited to the testicle. [3]
In the ovary, embryonal carcinoma is quite rare, amounting to approximately three percent of ovarian germ cell tumours. The median age at diagnosis is 15 years. Symptoms and signs are varied, and may include sexual precocity and abnormal (increased, reduced or absent) uterine bleeding. [1]