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Glia, also called glial cells (gliocytes) or neuroglia, are non- neuronal cells in the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) and the peripheral nervous system that do not produce electrical impulses. The neuroglia make up more than one half the volume of neural tissue in the human body. [ 1 ]
Binswanger's disease, also known as subcortical leukoencephalopathy and subcortical arteriosclerotic encephalopathy, [1] is a form of small-vessel vascular dementia caused by damage to the white brain matter. [2] White matter atrophy can be caused by many circumstances including chronic hypertension as well as old age. [3]
Amyloid plaques. Amyloid beta immunostaining showing amyloid plaques (brown) Amyloid plaques (also known as neuritic plaques, amyloid beta plaques or senile plaques) are extracellular deposits of the amyloid beta (Aβ) protein mainly in the grey matter of the brain. [1][2][3][4] Degenerative neuronal elements and an abundance of microglia and ...
Medical condition Alzheimer's disease Other names Alzheimer's dementia Diagram of a normal brain compared to the brain of a person with Alzheimer's Pronunciation / ˈ æ l t s h aɪ m ər z ˈ ɑː l t s -/ Specialty Neurology Symptoms Memory loss, problems with language, disorientation, mood swings Complications Infections, falls and aspiration pneumonia in the terminal stage Usual onset Over ...
Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is a type of dementia, a group of diseases involving progressive neurodegeneration of the central nervous system. [ 11 ] It is one of the two Lewy body dementias, along with Parkinson's disease dementia. [ 12 ] Dementia with Lewy bodies can be classified in other ways.
A neurodegenerative disease is caused by the progressive loss of neurons, in the process known as neurodegeneration. [2][3] Neuronal damage may also ultimately result in their death. Neurodegenerative diseases include amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, multiple ...
Vascular dementia. Vascular dementia is dementia caused by a series of strokes. [2][4] Restricted blood flow due to strokes reduces oxygen and glucose delivery to the brain, causing cell injury and neurological deficits in the affected region. [6] Subtypes of vascular dementia include subcortical vascular dementia, multi-infarct dementia ...
More than one type of dementia, known as mixed dementia, may exist together in about 10% of dementia cases. [2] The most common type of mixed dementia is Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia. [87] This particular type of mixed dementia's main onsets are a mixture of old age, high blood pressure, and damage to blood vessels in the brain. [15]