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In the historical fiction novel The Religion, author Tim Willocks gives a fictionalized account of the battle for the fort (during the 1565 siege of Malta). Lower Saint Elmo was used as a film location for the Turkish jail in the 1978 film Midnight Express. [34] The fort is mentioned in the 1980 thriller novel Man on Fire by A. J. Quinnell.
The fortifications of Malta consist of a number of walled cities, citadels, forts, towers, batteries, redoubts, entrenchments and pillboxes.The fortifications were built over hundreds of years, from around 1450 BC to the mid-20th century, and they are a result of the Maltese islands' strategic position and natural harbours, which have made them very desirable for various powers.
Allen, Bruce Ware, The Great Siege of Malta: The Epic Battle between the Ottoman Empire and the Knights of St. John, Hanover N.H., ForeEdge 2017 ISBN 1512601160. Bradford, Ernle (1961). The Great Siege: Malta 1565. Wordsworth edition 1999. ISBN 1-84022-206-9. Bradford, Ernle, The Sultan's Admiral: The Life of Barbarossa, London, 1968.
Fort St. Elmo, which had been severely damaged in the 1565 siege, was also rebuilt and integrated in the city walls. [6] The city of Valletta officially became the capital city of Malta and the seat of the Order on 18 March 1571, although it was still unfinished. [11] By the end of the 16th century, Valletta was the largest settlement in Malta ...
Fort Saint Michael (Maltese: Forti San Mikiel) was a small fort in the land front of the city of Senglea, Malta. It was originally built in the 1552 and played a significant role in the Great Siege of Malta of 1565. Following the siege, it was rebuilt as Saint Michael Cavalier (Maltese: Kavallier ta' San Mikiel), and was completed in 1581. The ...
The fortifications of Mdina (Maltese: Is-Swar tal-Imdina) are a series of defensive walls which surround Mdina, the former capital city of Malta from antiquity to the medieval period. The city was founded as Maleth by the Phoenicians in around the 8th century BC, and it later became part of the Roman Empire under the name Melite. The ancient ...
The Chapel of St Anne (Maltese: Kappella ta' Sant'Anna) is a Roman Catholic chapel located in Fort Saint Elmo in Valletta, Malta. Its existence was first documented in the late 15th century, and it was incorporated into the fort when the latter was constructed by the Order of St John in the mid-16th century. The chapel's present state dates ...
City status confirmed following the Great Siege of Malta in 1565. [3] Bormla: Città Cospicua (Conspicuous City) 1722 5,395 One of the Three Cities. City status granted in 1722 by Grand Master Marc'Antonio Zondadari. [4] Mdina: Città Notabile (Notable City) 292 Capital city from antiquity to 1530. Qormi: Città Pinto (Pinto's City) 1743 16,779