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A Manual of Parliamentary Practice for the Use of the Senate of the United States, written by Thomas Jefferson in 1801, is the first American book on parliamentary procedure. As Vice President of the United States , Jefferson served as the Senate's presiding officer from 1797 to 1801.
Erskine May's Parliamentary Practice is used and often referred to as "Erskine May" in the United Kingdom, and influential in other countries that use the Westminster system. In the United States terms used are parliamentary law, parliamentary practice, legislative procedure, rules of order, or Robert's rules of order. [2]
Robert's manual was first published in 1876 as an adaptation of the rules and practice of the United States Congress to suit the needs of non-legislative societies. Robert's Rules is the most widely used manual of parliamentary procedure in the United States. [3]
Bolles, Albert S. Cushing's Manual of Parliamentary Practice (1901, with printings thru 1935) Bolles, Albert S. Cushing's Manual of Parliamentary Practice with Rules of Procedure in Business Corporations (1901, 1914) Gaines, Charles Kelsey, The New Cushing's Manual of Parliamentary Practice (1912)
Henry Martyn Robert (May 2, 1837 – May 11, 1923) was an American soldier officer and general, engineer, and author. In 1876, Robert published the first edition of his reference manual of parliamentary procedure, Robert's Rules of Order, which remains today 150 years later, as the most common parliamentary authority on democratic parliamentary procedure in the United States.
The development of parliamentary law was similar to that of the common law. Mason's Manual notes that parliamentary law was built on precedents created by decisions on points of order or appeals and by decisions of courts. It was guided in its development by the authority to make rules inherent in every deliberative body.
Demeter's Manual. Demeter's Manual of Parliamentary Law and Procedure is a parliamentary authority manual by George Demeter.It is included in the bank of study materials used in preparing for the Certified Parliamentarian (CP) designation offered by the American Institute of Parliamentarians. [1]
Mason's Manual of Legislative Procedure, referred to as Mason's Manual, is the official parliamentary authority of most state legislatures in the United States. [1] The Manual covers motions, procedures, vote requirements, the rules of order, principles, precedents, and legal basis behind parliamentary law used by legislatures.