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The Adal Sultanate, also known as the Adal Empire [2] or Bar Saʿad dīn (alt. spelling Adel Sultanate, Adal Sultanate) (Arabic: سلطنة عدل), was a medieval Sunni Muslim Empire which was located in the Horn of Africa. [3] It was founded by Sabr ad-Din III on the Harar plateau in Adal after the fall of the Sultanate of Ifat. [4]
Up until the end of the sixteenth century, the rulers of Adal were in a raging conflict with the leaders of neighboring Christian state of Ethiopian Empire. [46] In the ensuing Oromo invasions, Adal split into two states, the Aussa Sultanate of Adal and Harar Emirate of Adal, the latter surviving up until the nineteenth century. [47] [48]
Emperor Na'od was extremely intimidated and his weakened leadership gave the Adal Sultanate legitimacy in the region in 1415, with its capital in Dakkar (in present-day Somaliland). [4] The Adal rise to power resulted in a series of conflicts with the Ethiopian Empire, and eventually the Ethiopian–Adal War in 1529.
The city was also sacked during emperor Lebna Dengel's raids on Adal subsequently laying waste to Sultan Muhammad ibn Azhar ad-Din's residence. [16] After the death of Mahfuz, Adal would fall into a succession crisis and Sultan Abu Bakr ibn Muhammad would rise to power. Sultan Abu Bakr then relocated the capital of Adal to Harar in 1520.
Sultanate of Ifat (1185–1415) Adal Sultanate (1415–1555) Isaaq Sultanate (1750–1884) Habr Yunis Sultanate (1769–1907) Zeila Emirate (1415–1420) Harla ...
It was part of the Muslim empires in the Horn of Africa during the middle ages and served as the capital of the Adal Sultanate. It was also the burial place for many of the local leaders including the rulers of the Walashma dynasty that governed the Ifat and Adal Sultanate and kingdoms. Prior to that, it was a very important pre-Islamic center.
The 1st Battle of Yedaya was a military engagement fought between the Ethiopian Empire and the Adal Empire.The Adalite army was victorious and the Ethiopian king was captured and killed, according to Richard Pankhurst.
The Military of Adal (Arabic: سلطنة عدال) was the core of the Adal Sultanate. The Sultanate’s Military is reported to have equipped a high level of discipline, strategic prowess and Organization, granting them successive victories in their various campaigns including the Conquest of Abyssinia. In its time in the 16th century, Adal ...