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In the field of enzymology, a betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase also known as betaine-homocysteine methyltransferase (BHMT) is a zinc metallo-enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a methyl group from trimethylglycine and a hydrogen ion from homocysteine to produce dimethylglycine and methionine respectively: [2]
In enzymology, a homocysteine S-methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.10) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction. S-methylmethionine + L-homocysteine 2 L-methionine. Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are S-methylmethionine and L-homocysteine, and it produces 2 molecules of L-methionine.
The remethylation process involves the enzyme methionine synthase (MS), which requires vitamin B 12 as a cofactor, and also depends indirectly on folate [1] and other B vitamins. A second pathway, which is usually restricted to liver and kidney in most mammals, involves betaine-homocysteine methyltransferase (BHMT) and requires trimethylglycine ...
The enzyme from Escherichia coli consists of two alpha8-beta8 (TIM) barrels positioned face to face and thought to have evolved by gene duplication. [1] The active site lies between the tops of the two barrels, the N -terminal barrel binds 5-methyltetrahydropteroyltri-L- glutamic acid and the C -terminal barrel binds homocysteine.
In enzymology, a thetin-homocysteine S-methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.3) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction dimethylsulfonioacetate + L-homocysteine ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } S-methylthioglycolate + L-methionine
The S-methyl-L-cysteine residue irreversibly inactivates the protein, allowing only one transfer for each protein. This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those transferring one-carbon group methyltransferases. The systematic name of this enzyme class is DNA-6-O-methylguanine:[protein]-L-cysteine S-methyltransferase.
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + DNA adenine S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + DNA 6-methylaminopurine m6A was primarily found in prokaryotes until 2015 when it was also identified in some eukaryotes. m6A methyltransferases methylate the amino group in DNA at C-6 position specifically to prevent the host system to digest own genome through restriction enzymes.
In enzymology, a thioether S-methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.96) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction. S-adenosyl-L-methionine + dimethyl sulfide ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + trimethylsulfonium