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Fiqh (/ f iː k /; [1] Arabic: فقه) is Islamic jurisprudence. [2] Fiqh is often described as the style of human understanding and practices of the sharia; [3] that is, human understanding of the divine Islamic law as revealed in the Quran and the sunnah (the teachings and practices of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and his companions).
Sunnī Islam contains numerous schools of Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh) and schools of Islamic theology (ʿaqīdah). [1] In terms of religious jurisprudence , Sunnism contains several schools of thought : [1] the Ḥanafī school, founded by Abū Ḥanīfa al-Nuʿmān (8th century CE);
Islamic Law and Legal Change: The Concept of Maslaha in Classical and Contemporary Legal Theory. Vol. Shari'a: Islamic Law in the Contemporary Context (Kindle ed.). Stanford University Press. Rabb, Intisar A. (2009). "Law. Civil Law & Courts". In John L. Esposito (ed.). The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Islamic World. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Main schools of thought within Sunni Islam, and other prominent streams. Islamic jurisprudence or fiqh is the human understanding of Sharia, which is believed by Muslims to represent divine law as revealed in the Quran and sunnah (the practices of the Islamic prophet Muhammad).
[4] [5] [6] Sharia, or fiqh as traditionally known, has always been used alongside customary law from the very beginning in Islamic history; [7] [8] has been elaborated and developed over the centuries by legal opinions issued by qualified jurists – reflecting the tendencies of different schools – and integrated and with various economic ...
The Jaʿfarī school, [a] also known as the Jafarite school, Jaʿfarī fiqh (Arabic: الفقه الجعفري) or Ja'fari jurisprudence, is a prominent school of jurisprudence (fiqh) within Twelver and Ismaili (including Nizari) [1] Shia Islam, named after the sixth Imam, Ja'far al-Sadiq. [2]
Unlike other Islamic fiqhs, Maliki fiqh also considers the consensus of the people of Medina to be a valid source of Islamic law. [ 2 ] The Maliki school is one of the largest groups of Sunni Muslims, comparable to the Shafi’i madhhab in adherents, but smaller than the Hanafi madhhab.
Maslaha or maslahah (Arabic: مصلحة, lit. ' public interest ') is a concept in Sharia (Islamic divine law) regarded as a basis of law. [1] It forms a part of extended methodological principles of Islamic jurisprudence (uṣūl al-fiqh) and denotes prohibition or permission of something, according to necessity and particular circumstances, on the basis of whether it serves the public ...