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Similarly, in a constant-voltage speaker system, the amplifier uses a transformer to step up the voltage of the audio signal to reduce power loss over the speaker cable, allowing more power to be transmitted over a given wire diameter. Each speaker in the system has a step-down transformer to reduce the voltage to a usable level.
The speed of sound is the distance travelled per unit of time by a sound wave as it propagates through an elastic medium. More simply, the speed of sound is how fast vibrations travel. At 20 °C (68 °F), the speed of sound in air, is about 343 m/s (1,125 ft/s; 1,235 km/h; 767 mph; 667 kn), or 1 km in 2.91 s or one mile in 4.69 s.
Another trick often practiced is to step up the bass (20–80 Hz) with a higher transformation ratio than the mid and treble. This relative lack of loud bass is often remedied with a hybrid design using a dynamic loudspeaker, e.g. a subwoofer , to handle lower frequencies , with the electrostatic diaphragm handling middle and high frequencies.
The Air Motion Transformer (AMT) is a type of electroacoustic transducer. Invented by Oskar Heil (1908–1994), it operates on a different transduction principle from other loudspeaker designs, such as moving coil , planar magnetic or electrostatically -driven loudspeakers, and should not be confused with planar or true ribbon loudspeakers .
System Responsive to The Energy Flow of Sound Waves (Pressure and Velocity Sound Level Meter) 1,892,644 [9] 1932 Sound Pick-Up Device (Unidirectional Cardioid Microphone) 1,892,645 [10] 1933 System For the Conversion and Transfer Of Energy (Condenser Microphone Step-Up Transformer With A Remote Preamplifier.) 1,897,732 [11] 1934 Acoustic Device
A sound wave propagates through a material as a localized pressure change. Increasing the pressure of a gas or fluid increases its local temperature. The local speed of sound in a compressible material increases with temperature; as a result, the wave travels faster during the high pressure phase of the oscillation than during the lower pressure phase.
[26] [27] [28] They consist of a two coil air-core step-up transformer similar to the Tesla transformer, with the secondary connected to a third coil not magnetically coupled to the others, called the "extra" or "resonator" coil, which is series-fed and resonates with its own capacitance. The output is taken from the free end of this coil.
The output of the driving amplifier is applied to the primary of a step-up transformer with a center-tapped secondary, and a very high voltage—several hundred to several thousand volts—is applied between the center tap of the transformer and the diaphragm. Electrostatics of this type necessarily include a high voltage power supply to ...