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A three-dimensional model of a figure-eight knot.The figure-eight knot is a prime knot and has an Alexander–Briggs notation of 4 1.. Topology (from the Greek words τόπος, 'place, location', and λόγος, 'study') is the branch of mathematics concerned with the properties of a geometric object that are preserved under continuous deformations, such as stretching, twisting, crumpling ...
In mathematics, a base (or basis; pl.: bases) ... For the usual base for this topology, every finite intersection of basic open sets is a basic open set.
In mathematics, a topological space is, roughly speaking, a geometrical space in which closeness is defined but cannot necessarily be measured by a numeric distance.More specifically, a topological space is a set whose elements are called points, along with an additional structure called a topology, which can be defined as a set of neighbourhoods for each point that satisfy some axioms ...
In topology and related areas of mathematics, a neighbourhood (or neighborhood) is one of the basic concepts in a topological space. It is closely related to the concepts of open set and interior . Intuitively speaking, a neighbourhood of a point is a set of points containing that point where one can move some amount in any direction away from ...
In mathematics, general topology (or point set topology) is the branch of topology that deals with the basic set-theoretic definitions and constructions used in topology. It is the foundation of most other branches of topology, including differential topology , geometric topology , and algebraic topology .
The term topology was introduced by Johann Benedict Listing in the 19th century, although it was not until the first decades of the 20th century that the idea of a topological space was developed. This is a list of topology topics. See also: Topology glossary; List of topologies; List of general topology topics; List of geometric topology topics
Algebraic topology is a branch of mathematics that uses tools from abstract algebra to study topological spaces. The basic goal is to find algebraic invariants that classify topological spaces up to homeomorphism , though usually most classify up to homotopy equivalence .
Continuum (topology) Extended real number line; Long line (topology) Sierpinski space; Cantor set, Cantor space, Cantor cube; Space-filling curve; Topologist's sine curve; Uniform norm; Weak topology; Strong topology; Hilbert cube; Lower limit topology; Sorgenfrey plane; Real tree; Compact-open topology; Zariski topology; Kuratowski closure ...