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The Polish hussars (/ h ə ˈ z ɑːr s /; Polish: husaria), [a] alternatively known as the winged hussars, were a heavy cavalry formation active in Poland and in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth from 1503 to 1702. Their epithet is derived from large rear wings, which were intended to demoralize the enemy during a charge.
The Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth army under Chodkiewicz was composed of roughly 1,000 infantry and 2,600 cavalry, [1] but only five cannons. However, the Polish-Lithuanian forces were well-rested, and their cavalry consisted mostly of superbly trained Winged Hussars, or heavy cavalry armed with lances.
Hussars outside, enjoying the weather (1923–1924) The 1st Hussar Regiment of the Lithuanian Grand Hetman Duke Jonušas Radvila (Lithuanian: 1-asis husarų Lietuvos Didžiojo Etmono Jonušo Radvilos pulkas), also known as the 1st Cavalry Regiment (Lithuanian: 1-asis raitelių pulkas) was a hussar regiment that served in the Lithuanian Army during the Interwar period.
Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth Army in the 17th century Archived 18 October 2012 at the Wayback Machine from kismeta.com; The Battle of Vienna at the Wilanów Museum Palace (in German) German TV: Türken vor Wien (in German) Arte TV: Türken vor Wien; Winged Hussars, Radoslaw Sikora, Bartosz Musialowicz, BUM Magazine, 2016.
[12] [13] [15] National units included the Winged hussars and lighter Polish pancerni and Lithuanian petyhorcy with some light cavalry units, with infantry being the distant second in reputation; whereas the foreign units centered around infantry and artillery formations, with dragoons gaining prominence from the 1620s, and reiter cavalry soon ...
By the 1590s, most Polish–Lithuanian hussar units had been reformed along the same "heavy", Hungarian model. Due to the same resemblance, the Polish heavy hussars came with their own style, the Polish winged hussars or Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth winged husaria. In the Battle of Lubieszów, in 1577, the "Golden Age" of the husaria began.
The National cavalry (Polish: Kawaleria narodowa) was a branch of Polish–Lithuanian cavalry in the Polish-Lithuanian armed forces in the last quarter of the 18th century. Formed as a merger of previously-existing units of Winged hussars, pancerni and petyhorcy that were still in service after the Confederation of Bar.
The Polish-Lithuanian forces numbering about 6,500 [1] –6,800 men [2] (of which about 5,500, or about 80 percent, were the famous "winged" hussars) under Hetman Stanisław Żółkiewski faced a numerically superior force of about 30,000 Russians under Princes Dmitry Shuisky, Andrey Galitzine, and Danilo Mezetsky, as well as about 5,000 mercenary units temporarily allied to Russia, under the ...