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Nylander's test is a chemical test used for detecting the presence of reducing sugars. Glucose or fructose reduces bismuth oxynitrate to bismuth under alkaline conditions. When Nylander's reagent, which consists of bismuth nitrate, potassium sodium tartrate and potassium hydroxide, is added to a solution with reducing sugars, a black precipitate of metallic bismuth is formed.
Reagents are "substances or compounds that are added to a system in order to bring about a chemical reaction or are added to see if a reaction occurs." [1] Some reagents are just a single element. However, most processes require reagents made of chemical compounds. Some of the most common ones used widely for specific reactive functions are ...
This reaction is, overall, a condensation reaction as two molecules joining together with loss of water. Mechanistically, it is an example of addition-elimination reaction: nucleophilic addition of the -NH 2 group to the C=O carbonyl group, followed by the elimination of a H 2 O molecule: [3] X-ray structure of DNP-derived hydrazone of ...
This elementary reaction consumes exactly one molar equivalent of water vs. iodine. Iodine is added to the solution until it is present in excess, marking the end point of the titration, which can be detected by potentiometry. The reaction is run in an alcohol solution containing a base, which consumes the sulfur trioxide and hydroiodic acid ...
In organic chemistry, Fehling's solution is a chemical reagent used to differentiate between water-soluble carbohydrate and ketone (>C=O) functional groups, and as a test for reducing sugars and non-reducing sugars, supplementary to the Tollens' reagent test. The test was developed by German chemist Hermann von Fehling in 1849. [1]
The Griess diazotization reaction, on which the Griess reagent relies, was first described in 1858 by Peter Griess. [1] [2] The test has also been widely used for the detection of nitrates (N-oxidation state = 5+), which are a common component of explosives, as they can be reduced to nitrites (N-oxidation state = 3+) and detected with the ...
[1] Chemical tests for cyanide test for the presence of cyanide, CN −; Copper sulfate tests for the presence of water; Flame tests test for metals; The Gilman test tests for the presence of a Grignard reagent; The Kjeldahl method quantitatively determines the presence of nitrogen; Nessler's reagent tests for the presence of ammonia
The test employs the Trinder reagent, and is a colour change test resulting from the Trinder reaction. The Trinder reagent, named after P. Trinder of the Biochemistry Department of the Royal Infirmary in Sunderland (see the article listed in further reading ), comprises an aminoantipyrine (such as 4-aminoantipyrine ) and phenol (p-hydroxybenzene).