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HMAC-SHA1 generation. In cryptography, an HMAC (sometimes expanded as either keyed-hash message authentication code or hash-based message authentication code) is a specific type of message authentication code (MAC) involving a cryptographic hash function and a secret cryptographic key.
MAC algorithms can be constructed from other cryptographic primitives, like cryptographic hash functions (as in the case of HMAC) or from block cipher algorithms (OMAC, CCM, GCM, and PMAC). However many of the fastest MAC algorithms, like UMAC-VMAC and Poly1305-AES, are constructed based on universal hashing. [8]
In cryptography and computer security, a length extension attack is a type of attack where an attacker can use Hash(message 1) and the length of message 1 to calculate Hash(message 1 ‖ message 2) for an attacker-controlled message 2, without needing to know the content of message 1.
HKDF is a simple key derivation function (KDF) based on the HMAC message authentication code. [1] [2] It was initially proposed by its authors as a building block in various protocols and applications, as well as to discourage the proliferation of multiple KDF mechanisms. [2]
HMAC-based one-time password (HOTP) is a one-time password (OTP) algorithm based on HMAC. It is a cornerstone of the Initiative for Open Authentication (OATH). HOTP was published as an informational IETF RFC 4226 in December 2005, documenting the algorithm along with a Java implementation. Since then, the algorithm has been adopted by many ...
The HMAC is calculated over the packet payload and material from the packet header, including the packet sequence number. To protect against replay attacks , the receiver maintains the sequence numbers of previously received messages, compares them with the sequence number in each new received message and admits the new message only if it has ...
ClientKey = HMAC(SaltedPassword, 'Client Key') ServerKey = HMAC(SaltedPassword, 'Server Key') ClientProof = p = ClientKey XOR HMAC(H(ClientKey), Auth) ServerSignature = v = HMAC(ServerKey, Auth) where the XOR operation is applied to byte strings of the same length, H(ClientKey) is a normal hash of ClientKey. 'Client Key' and 'Server Key' are ...
In cryptography, CRAM-MD5 is a challenge–response authentication mechanism (CRAM) based on the HMAC-MD5 algorithm. As one of the mechanisms supported by the Simple Authentication and Security Layer (SASL), it is often used in email software as part of SMTP Authentication and for the authentication of POP and IMAP users, as well as in applications implementing LDAP, XMPP, BEEP, and other ...