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Arthrofibrosis (from Greek: arthro- joint, fibrosis – scar tissue formation) has been described in most joints like knee, hip, ankle, foot joints, shoulder ( frozen shoulder, adhesive capsulitis ), elbow (stiff elbow), wrist, hand joints as well as spinal vertebrae. [1] [2] It can occur after injury or surgery or may arise without an obvious ...
A hip dislocation is when the thighbone ( femur) separates from the hip bone ( pelvis ). [1] Specifically it is when the ball–shaped head of the femur ( femoral head) separates from its cup–shaped socket in the hip bone, known as the acetabulum. [1] The joint of the femur and pelvis ( hip joint) is very stable, secured by both bony and soft ...
The oblique popliteal ligament ( posterior ligament) is a broad, flat, fibrous ligament on the posterior knee. [1] It is an extension of the tendon of the semimembranosus muscle. [1] [2] It attaches onto the intercondylar fossa and lateral condyle of the femur. [2] It reinforces the posterior central portion of the knee joint capsule.
A tendon connects muscle to bone, while a ligament connects bone to bone. Injuries are common to this tendon, with tears, either partial or complete, being the most common. If the quadriceps tendon is completely torn, surgery will be required to regain function of the knee. Without the quadriceps tendon, the knee cannot extend.
The knee is a modified hinge joint, a type of synovial joint, which is composed of three functional compartments: the patellofemoral articulation, consisting of the patella, or "kneecap", and the patellar groove on the front of the femur through which it slides; and the medial and lateral tibiofemoral articulations linking the femur, or thigh ...
Many muscles contribute to these movements: The psoas is the primary hip flexor, assisted by the iliacus. The pectineus, the adductors longus, brevis, and magnus, as well as the tensor fasciae latae are also involved in flexion. The gluteus maximus is the main hip extensor, but the inferior portion of the adductor magnus also plays a role.
Prognosis. ~30% risk of recurrence [4] Frequency. 6 per 100,000 per year [4] A patellar dislocation is a knee injury in which the patella (kneecap) slips out of its normal position. [5] Often the knee is partly bent, painful and swollen. [1] [2] The patella is also often felt and seen out of place. [1] Complications may include a patella ...
Orthopedics. A tear of a meniscus is a rupturing of one or more of the fibrocartilage strips in the knee called menisci. When doctors and patients refer to "torn cartilage" in the knee, they actually may be referring to an injury to a meniscus at the top of one of the tibiae. Menisci can be torn during innocuous activities such as walking or ...