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Laryngeal cartilages are cartilages which surround and protect the larynx. They form during embryonic development from pharyngeal arches. There are a total of nine laryngeal skeleton in humans: Thyroid cartilage - unpaired; Cricoid cartilage - unpaired; Epiglottis - unpaired; Arytenoid cartilages - paired; Corniculate cartilages - paired
The corniculate cartilages (cartilages of Santorini) are two small conical nodules in the larynx, consisting of elastic cartilage, which articulate with the summits of the arytenoid cartilages and serve to prolong them posteriorly and medially.
The thyroid cartilage is a hyaline cartilage structure that sits in front of the larynx and above the thyroid gland.The cartilage is composed of two halves, which meet in the middle at a peak called the laryngeal prominence, also called the Adam's apple. [1]
The posterior surface is triangular, smooth, concave, and gives attachment to the arytenoid muscle and transversus.. The antero-lateral surface is somewhat convex and rough. On it, near the apex of the cartilage, is a rounded elevation (colliculus) from which a ridge (crista arcuata) curves at first backward and then downward and forward to the vocal process.
The larynx (/ ˈ l æ r ɪ ŋ k s /), commonly called the voice box, is an organ in the top of the neck involved in breathing, producing sound and protecting the trachea against food aspiration. The opening of larynx into pharynx known as the laryngeal inlet is about 4–5 centimeters in diameter. [1]
Cartilages of larynx, trachea and bronchi. (Carina is at the point of bifurcation.) (Carina is at the point of bifurcation.) Transverse section of the trachea, just above its bifurcation, with a bird’s-eye view of the interior.
In the human larynx, the cuneiform cartilages (from Latin: cuneus 'wedge' + forma 'form'; also known as cartilages of Wrisberg) are two small, elongated pieces of yellow elastic cartilage, placed one on either side, in the aryepiglottic fold. [1] The cuneiforms are paired cartilages that sit on top of and move with the arytenoids. [2]
Larynx with corniculate cartilages indicated at center. The horned puffin Fratercula corniculata. Corniculate, an Anglicisation of the Latin diminutives corniculata, corniculatum, and corniculatus, describes an object possessing hornlike extensions. [1] The root is Latin cornu = "horn".