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grep is a command-line utility for searching plaintext datasets for lines that match a regular expression. Its name comes from the ed command g/re/p (global regular expression search and print), which has the same effect.
/B Matches pattern if at the beginning of a line. /E Matches pattern if at the end of a line. /L Uses search strings literally. /R Uses search strings as regular expressions. /S Searches for matching files in the current directory and all subdirectories. /I Specifies that the search is not to be case-sensitive. /X Prints lines that match exactly.
Matches any single character (many applications exclude newlines, and exactly which characters are considered newlines is flavor-, character-encoding-, and platform-specific, but it is safe to assume that the line feed character is included). Within POSIX bracket expressions, the dot character matches a literal dot.
Wildcard completion is a generalization of path completion, where an expression matches any number of files, using any supported syntax for file matching. Variable completion is the completion of the name of a variable name (environment variable or shell variable). Bash, zsh, and fish have completion for all variable names.
/V Displays all lines NOT containing the specified string. /C Displays only the count of lines containing the string. /N Displays line numbers with the displayed lines. /I Ignores the case of characters when searching for the string. Note: If a pathname is not specified, FIND searches the text typed at the prompt or piped from another command.
The shell script makes an environment variable pattern containing the first argument, then drops that argument and has awk look for the pattern in each file. ~ checks to see if its left operand matches its right operand; !~ is its inverse. A regular expression is just a string and can be stored in variables.
The caret (^) matches the beginning of the line. The dollar sign ($) matches the end of the line. The asterisk (*) matches zero or more occurrences of the previous character. The plus (+) matches one or more occurrence(s) of the previous character. The question mark (?) matches zero or one occurrence of the previous character. The dot (.
When a user presses the tab key within an interactive command-shell, Bash automatically uses command line completion, since beta version 2.04, [87] to match partly typed program names, filenames and variable names. The Bash command-line completion system is very flexible and customizable, and is often packaged with functions that complete ...