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Polymeric silicate anions of can exist also as long chains. In single-chain silicates, which are a type of inosilicate, tetrahedra link to form a chain by sharing two oxygen atoms each. A common mineral in this group is pyroxene. Double chain tetrahedra.
Lithium aluminium silicate mineral spodumene. Silicate minerals are rock-forming minerals made up of silicate groups. They are the largest and most important class of minerals and make up approximately 90 percent of Earth's crust. [1] [2] [3] In mineralogy, silica (silicon dioxide, SiO 2) is usually considered a silicate mineral rather than an ...
Inosilicates are chain silicates which have interlocking chains of silicate tetrahedra with either SiO 3, 1:3 ratio, for single chains or Si 4 O 11, 4:11 ratio, for double chains. Wikimedia Commons has media related to Inosilicates .
The chain silicate structure of the pyroxenes offers much flexibility in the incorporation of various cations and the names of the pyroxene minerals are primarily defined by their chemical composition. Pyroxene minerals are named according to the chemical species occupying the X (or M2) site, the Y (or M1) site, and the tetrahedral T site.
Single-chain inosilicates: pyroxenes; Double-chain inosilicates: amphiboles; Other inosilicates: Mineral structures with a tetrahedral unit, framework silicates. Cyclosilicates (subclass 9.C): Phyllosilicates (subclass 9.E): Tridimensional silicate frameworks: tectosilicates (subclass 9.F) Silica family (class 4, family DA): dioxosilicate [SiO 2]
These chains can be single, where a tetrahedron is bound to two others to form a continuous chain; alternatively, two chains can be merged to create double-chain silicates. Single-chain silicates have a silicon:oxygen ratio of 1:3 (e.g. [Si 2 O 6] 4−), whereas the double-chain variety has a ratio of 4:11, e.g. [Si 8 O 22] 12−.
Phyllosilicates are known as the sheet silicates, and include muscovite, biotite, and clay minerals. [5] Cyclosilicates are known as ring silicates, and include tourmaline. [5] Inosilicates are known as single/double chain silicates, and include amphiboles, and pyroxenes. [5] Sorosilicates contain double silica tetrahedra, such as vesuvianite. [5]
The grouping of the New Dana Classification and of the mindat.org is similar only, and so this classification is an overview only. Consistency is missing too on the group name endings (group, subgroup, series) between New Dana Classification and mindat.org. Category, class and supergroup name endings are used as layout tools in the list as well.