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Plurilingualism is the ability of a person who has competence in more than one language to switch between multiple languages depending on the situation for ease of communication. [1] Plurilingualism is different from code-switching in that plurilingualism refers to the ability of an individual to use multiple languages, while code-switching is ...
In other words, there are grammatical structures of the fused lect that determine which source-language elements may occur. [11] A mixed language is different from a creole language. Creoles are thought to develop from pidgins as they become nativized. [12] Mixed languages develop from situations of code-switching.
Translanguaging can also be used in group activities where students combine their linguistic resources to understand and be understood (they explain concepts in their first language while presenting in the second or read documents in one language and explain in the second etc) in different skills.
Receptive bilingualism in one language as exhibited by a speaker of another language, or even as exhibited by most speakers of that language, is not the same as mutual intelligibility of languages; the latter is a property of a pair of languages, namely a consequence of objectively high lexical and grammatical similarities between the languages ...
A mixed language, also referred to as a hybrid language, contact language, or fusion language, is a language that arises among a bilingual group combining aspects of two or more languages but not clearly deriving primarily from any single language. [1]
Almost all linguists use mutual intelligibility as the primary linguistic criterion for determining whether two speech varieties represent the same or different languages. [4] [5] [6] A primary challenge to this position is that speakers of closely related languages can often communicate with each other effectively if they choose to do so.
Macaronic language is any expression using a mixture of languages, [1] particularly bilingual puns or situations in which the languages are otherwise used in the same context (rather than simply discrete segments of a text being in different languages). Hybrid words are effectively "internally macaronic".
Language shift, also known as language transfer, language replacement or language assimilation, is the process whereby a speech community shifts to a different language, usually over an extended period of time.