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In osteomyelitis involving the vertebral bodies, about half the cases are due to S. aureus, and the other half are due to tuberculosis (spread hematogenously from the lungs). Tubercular osteomyelitis of the spine was so common before the initiation of effective antitubercular therapy, it acquired a special name, Pott's disease. [citation needed]
Condensing osteitis may resemble idiopathic osteosclerosis, however, associated teeth will have pulpitis or pulpal necrosis with condensing osteitis. [3] These features help differentiate idiopathic osteosclerosis from similar entities such as condensing osteitis, cemento-osseous dysplasia, hypercementosis, and cementoblastoma.
Condensing osteitis, also known as focal sclerosing osteomyelitis, is a rare periapical inflammatory condition characterized by the formation of sclerotic bone near the roots of premolars and molars. This condition arises as a response to dental infections, such as periapical pulp inflammation or low-intensity trauma.
Osteitis is inflammation of bone. More specifically, it can refer to one of the following conditions: Osteomyelitis, or infectious osteitis, mainly bacterial osteitis [1] Alveolar osteitis or "dry socket" [2] Condensing osteitis (or Osteitis condensans) Osteitis deformans (or Paget's disease of bone) [3]
Osteitis generally refers to localized inflammation of bone with no progression through marrow spaces (compare with osteomyelitis). [4] Often, the term alveolar osteitis is considered synonymous with "dry socket", but some specify that dry socket is a focal or localized alveolar osteitis. [2]
Chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO) is a rare condition (1:1,000,000), in which the bones have lesions, inflammation, and pain. It is called multifocal because it can appear in different parts of the body, primarily bones, and osteomyelitis because it is very similar to that disease, although CRMO appears to be without any infection .
It is a complication (sequela) of osteomyelitis. The pathological process is as follows: infection in the bone leads to an increase in intramedullary pressure due to inflammatory exudates; the periosteum becomes stripped from the ostium, leading to vascular thrombosis; bone necrosis follows due to lack of blood supply; sequestra are formed
Vertebral osteomyelitis often attacks two vertebrae and the corresponding intervertebral disk, causing narrowing of the disc space between the vertebrae. [6] The prognosis for the disease is dependent on where the infection is concentrated in the spine, the time between initial onset and treatment, and what approach is used to treat the disease.