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The TORRO tornado intensity scale (or T-Scale) is a scale measuring tornado intensity between T0 and T11. It was proposed by Terence Meaden of the Tornado and Storm Research Organisation (TORRO) , a meteorological organisation in the United Kingdom , as an extension of the Beaufort scale .
The 1764 Woldegk tornado on June 29, 1764, was one of the strongest tornadoes ever documented in history, receiving the unique T11 rating on the TORRO scale along with an F5 rating on the Fujita scale and had winds estimated to be at least 480 kilometres per hour (300 mph).
The TORRO scale, created by the Tornado and Storm Research Organization (TORRO), was developed in 1974 and published a year later. The TORRO scale has 12 levels, which cover a broader range with tighter graduations. It ranges from a T0 for extremely weak tornadoes to T11 for the most powerful known tornadoes.
TORRO carries out research on many aspects of severe weather including ball lightning, blizzards & heavy snowfall, coastal impacts, hailstorms, lightning impacts, tornadoes, thunderstorms, weather disasters, and weather & health. Tornadoes in the UK are classified using the T-scale. TORRO has also developed a hailstorm intensity scale. [1]
Tornado intensity. Fujita scale (F scale) ... TORRO scale; List of F5, EF5, and IF5 tornadoes; List of F4, EF4, and IF4 tornadoes. List of F4 tornadoes (1950–1959)
These scales – the Fujita scale, the Enhanced Fujita scale, the International Fujita scale, and the TORRO tornado intensity scale – attempt to estimate the intensity of a tornado by classifying the damage caused to natural features and man-made structures in the tornado's path. Tornadoes are among the most violent known meteorological ...
The Enhanced Fujita scale measures a tornado's intensity on a scale of 1 to 5 based on its wind speed estimates and resulting damages.
F4 tornadoes were estimated to have had maximum winds between 207 mph (333 km/h) and 260 mph (420 km/h). [3] [nb 1] Most of Europe also uses the TORRO tornado intensity scale (or T-Scale), which ranks tornado intensity between T0 and T11; F4 tornadoes are approximately equivalent to T8 to T9 on the T-Scale.
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