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Gauss's circle problem asks how many points there are inside this circle of the form (,) where and are both integers. Since the equation of this circle is given in Cartesian coordinates by x 2 + y 2 = r 2 {\displaystyle x^{2}+y^{2}=r^{2}} , the question is equivalently asking how many pairs of integers m and n there are such that
Most of the unsolved problems are related to distribution of Gaussian primes in the plane. Gauss's circle problem does not deal with the Gaussian integers per se, but instead asks for the number of lattice points inside a circle of a given radius centered at the origin. This is equivalent to determining the number of Gaussian integers with norm ...
Diophantine problems are concerned with integer solutions to polynomial equations: one may study the distribution of solutions, that is, counting solutions according to some measure of "size" or height. An important example is the Gauss circle problem, which asks for integers points (x y) which satisfy
To Voronoy and his contemporaries, the formula appeared tailor-made to evaluate certain finite sums. That seemed significant because several important questions in number theory involve finite sums of arithmetic quantities. In this connection, let us mention two classical examples, Dirichlet's divisor problem and the Gauss circle problem.
As of today, this problem remains unsolved. Progress has been slow. Many of the same methods work for this problem and for Gauss's circle problem, another lattice-point counting problem. Section F1 of Unsolved Problems in Number Theory [2] surveys what is known and not known about these problems.
Gauss circle problem: number theory: Carl Friedrich Gauss: 553 Gilbert–Pollack conjecture on the Steiner ratio of the Euclidean plane: metric geometry: Edgar Gilbert and Henry O. Pollak: Gilbreath conjecture: number theory: Norman Laurence Gilbreath: 34 Goldbach's conjecture: number theory: ⇒The ternary Goldbach conjecture, which was the ...
The most famous of these problems, squaring the circle, otherwise known as the quadrature of the circle, involves constructing a square with the same area as a given circle using only straightedge and compass. Squaring the circle has been proved impossible, as it involves generating a transcendental number, that is, √ π.
Topics in the first part include the relation between the maximum distance between parallel lines that are not separated by any point of a lattice and the slope of the lines, [5] Pick's theorem relating the area of a lattice polygon to the number of lattice points it contains, [4] and the Gauss circle problem of counting lattice points in a ...