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  2. Drainage equation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drainage_equation

    the soil's hydraulic conductivity (Ka and Kb) by measurements; the depth of the bottom of the aquifer (Di) the design drain spacing (L) can be found from the equation in dependence of the drain depth (Dd) and drain radius (r). Drainage criteria

  3. Impervious surface - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impervious_surface

    The total coverage by impervious surfaces in an area, such as a municipality or a watershed, is usually expressed as a percentage of the total land area. The coverage increases with rising urbanization. In rural areas, impervious cover may only be one or two percent.

  4. How Cities Are Using Nature-Based Solutions to Tackle Floods

    www.aol.com/news/cities-using-nature-based...

    Surface water flooding is especially dangerous for cities with a high proportion of impervious soil coverage and hard surfaces—such as roads and parking lots—that prevent rainwater from being ...

  5. Drainage density - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drainage_density

    Where w s is the mean source width, ρ w is the density of water, R 0 is the average precipitation rate, W* is the width of the channel head, ρ s is the saturated bulk density of the soil, K z is the vertical saturated hydraulic conductivity, θ is the slope at the channel head, and φ is the soil angle of internal friction.

  6. Universal Soil Loss Equation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_Soil_Loss_Equation

    The Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) is a widely used mathematical model that describes soil erosion processes. [1]Erosion models play critical roles in soil and water resource conservation and nonpoint source pollution assessments, including: sediment load assessment and inventory, conservation planning and design for sediment control, and for the advancement of scientific understanding.

  7. Runoff curve number - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Runoff_curve_number

    The runoff curve number is based on the area's hydrologic soil group, land use, treatment and hydrologic condition.References, such as from USDA [1] indicate the runoff curve numbers for characteristic land cover descriptions and a hydrologic soil group.

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  9. Soil gradation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil_Gradation

    In soil science, soil gradation is a classification of a coarse-grained soil that ranks the soil based on the different particle sizes contained in the soil. [1] Soil gradation is an important aspect of soil mechanics and geotechnical engineering because it is an indicator of other engineering properties such as compressibility , shear strength ...