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Virus classification is the process of naming viruses and placing them into a taxonomic system similar to the classification systems used for cellular organisms. Viruses are classified by phenotypic characteristics, such as morphology , nucleic acid type, mode of replication, host organisms , and the type of disease they cause.
The International Committee on Nomenclature of Viruses (ICNV) was established in 1966, at the International Congress for Microbiology in Moscow, to standardize the naming of virus taxa. [6] The ICVN published its first report in 1971. [ 6 ]
Virus classification showing major ranks This is a list of biological virus families and subfamilies. See also Comparison of computer viruses. This is an alphabetical list of biological virus families and subfamilies; it includes those families and subfamilies listed by the ICTV 2023 report. [1] For a list of individual species, see List of ...
This is a list of all virus species, including satellites and viroids. Excluded are other ranks, and other non-cellular life such as prions. Also excluded are common names and obsolete names for viruses. The taxonomy is taken from ICTV taxonomy 2022 release [1] For a list of virus families and subfamilies, see List of virus families and ...
By the time the virus is identified, many names have been used to denote the same virus. Ambiguity in virus naming arises when a newly identified virus is later found to be a variant of an existing one, often resulting in renaming. For example, the second variation of the Sobig worm was initially called "Palyh" but later renamed "Sobig.b ...
In the ICZN, the system is also called binominal nomenclature, [1] "binomi'N'al" with an "N" before the "al", which is not a typographic error, meaning "two-name naming system". [ 2 ] The first part of the name – the generic name – identifies the genus to which the species belongs, whereas the second part – the specific name or specific ...
This naming was based on the organization's 2015 guidelines for naming novel viruses and diseases, avoiding the use of geographic locations (such as Wuhan), in part to prevent social stigma. [ 6 ] [ 7 ] [ 8 ] A similar structure has also been used by the AP when referring to virus variants, for example, referring to it as the "Delta variant ...
This is an index of lists of virus taxa. By taxonomic rank. List of higher virus taxa, i.e. all taxa above the rank of family; List of virus families and subfamilies;