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The materials used for different parts of the fuel cells differ by type. The bipolar plates may be made of different types of materials, such as, metal, coated metal, graphite, flexible graphite, C–C composite, carbon–polymer composites etc. [30] The membrane electrode assembly (MEA) is referred to as the heart of the PEMFC and is usually ...
Bipolar plate Bipolar plate, conductive plate in a fuel-cell stack that acts as an anode for one cell and a cathode for the adjacent cell. The plate may be made of metal or a conductive polymer (which may be a carbon-filled composite). The plate usually incorporates flow channels for the fluid feeds and may also contain conduits for heat transfer.
Additionally, the membrane is sensitive to the presences of metal ions, which may impair proton conduction mechanisms and can be introduced by corrosion of metallic bipolar plates, metallic components in the fuel cell system or from contaminants in the fuel/oxidant.
In 2007 Eisenhuth GmbH acquired the Fuel Cell Plate activities of SGL Carbon. [10] [11] [12] In 2010, the company started production of graphitic bipolar plates for Redox Flow batteries using injection molding techniques. [13] [14] Eisenhuth GmbH expanded its focus to encompass electrolyzer components in 2015. Since 2021 the company has been ...
The planar fuel cell design geometry is the typical sandwich type geometry employed by most types of fuel cells, where the electrolyte is sandwiched in between the electrodes. SOFCs can also be made in tubular geometries where either air or fuel is passed through the inside of the tube and the other gas is passed along the outside of the tube.
The performance of electrolysis cells, like fuel cells, is typically compared through polarization curves, which are obtained by plotting cell voltages against current densities. The primary sources of increased voltage in a PEM electrolyzer (the same also applies for PEM fuel cells ) can be categorized into three main areas, Ohmic losses ...
In cell tests the best performing electrodes thus far reported consisted of plasma vacuum sprayed Ni alloys on Ni meshes [19] [20] and hot dip galvanized Ni meshes. [21] The latter approach might be interesting for large scale industrial manufacturing as it is cheap and easily scalable, but unfortunately, all the strategies show some degradation.
Ruthenium and platinum are often used together, if carbon monoxide (CO) is a product of the electro-chemical reaction as CO poisons the PEM and impacts the efficiency of the fuel cell. Due to the high cost of these and other similar materials, research is being undertaken to develop catalysts that use lower cost materials as the high costs are ...
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