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  2. Equilibrium constant - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equilibrium_constant

    For a given set of reaction conditions, the equilibrium constant is independent of the initial analytical concentrations of the reactant and product species in the mixture. Thus, given the initial composition of a system, known equilibrium constant values can be used to determine the composition of the system at equilibrium.

  3. Determination of equilibrium constants - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Determination_of...

    Equilibrium constants are determined in order to quantify chemical equilibria.When an equilibrium constant K is expressed as a concentration quotient, = [] [] [] [] it is implied that the activity quotient is constant.

  4. Van 't Hoff equation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Van_'t_Hoff_equation

    In 2010, a Van 't Hoff analysis was used to determine whether water preferentially forms a hydrogen bond with the C-terminus or the N-terminus of the amino acid proline. [12] The equilibrium constant for each reaction was found at a variety of temperatures, and a Van 't Hoff plot was created.

  5. Transition state theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transition_state_theory

    In 1884, Jacobus van 't Hoff proposed the Van 't Hoff equation describing the temperature dependence of the equilibrium constant for a reversible reaction: ⁡ = where ΔU is the change in internal energy, K is the equilibrium constant of the reaction, R is the universal gas constant, and T is thermodynamic temperature.

  6. Binding constant - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binding_constant

    The binding constant, or affinity constant/association constant, is a special case of the equilibrium constant K, [1] and is the inverse of the dissociation constant. [2] It is associated with the binding and unbinding reaction of receptor (R) and ligand (L) molecules, which is formalized as:

  7. Chemical equilibrium - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_equilibrium

    The standard Gibbs energy change, together with the Gibbs energy of mixing, determine the equilibrium state. [8] [9] In this article only the constant pressure case is considered. The relation between the Gibbs free energy and the equilibrium constant can be found by considering chemical potentials. [1]

  8. Stanley recalls 2.6 million mugs after reports of burns from ...

    www.aol.com/stanley-recalls-2-6-million...

    Stanley is recalling 2.6 million mugs sold in the U.S. after the company received dozens of consumer complaints, including some users who reported getting burned and requiring medical attention ...

  9. Dissociation constant - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dissociation_constant

    In chemistry, biochemistry, and pharmacology, a dissociation constant (K D) is a specific type of equilibrium constant that measures the propensity of a larger object to separate (dissociate) reversibly into smaller components, as when a complex falls apart into its component molecules, or when a salt splits up into its component ions.