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Polycythemia is sometimes called erythrocytosis, and there is significant overlap in the two findings, but the terms are not the same: polycythemia describes any increase in hematocrit and/or hemoglobin, while erythrocytosis describes an increase specifically in the number of red blood cells in the blood.
In oncology, polycythemia vera (PV) is an uncommon myeloproliferative neoplasm in which the bone marrow makes too many red blood cells. [1] The majority of cases [2] are caused by mutations in the JAK2 gene, most commonly resulting in a single amino acid change in its protein product from valine to phenylalanine at position 617.
Sickle cell disease is a group of inherited blood disorders, caused by a genetic abnormality in the oxygen-carrying protein haemoglobin found in red blood cells. [57] Under certain circumstances, this leads to the red blood cells adopting an abnormal sickle -like shape; with this shape, they are unable to deform as they pass through capillaries ...
Red blood cells (RBCs), referred to as erythrocytes (from Ancient Greek erythros ' red ' and kytos ' hollow vessel ', with -cyte translated as 'cell' in modern usage) in academia and medical publishing, also known as red cells, [1] erythroid cells, and rarely haematids, are the most common type of blood cell and the vertebrate's principal means of delivering oxygen (O 2) to the body tissues ...
Hereditary elliptocytosis, also known as ovalocytosis, is an inherited blood disorder in which an abnormally large number of the person's red blood cells are elliptical rather than the typical biconcave disc shape. Such morphologically distinctive erythrocytes are sometimes referred to as elliptocytes or ovalocytes.
Hemoglobin is an iron-containing protein that gives red blood cells their color and facilitates transportation of oxygen from the lungs to tissues and carbon dioxide from tissues to the lungs to be exhaled. [3] Red blood cells are the most abundant cell in the blood, accounting for about 40–45% of its volume.
Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (rare acquired clonal disorder of red blood cell surface proteins) Direct physical damage to RBCs Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia; Secondary to artificial heart valve(s) Aplastic anemia. Fanconi anemia; Diamond–Blackfan anemia (inherited pure red cell aplasia) Acquired pure red cell aplasia; Decreased ...
Hemoglobinopathy is the medical term for a group of inherited blood disorders involving the hemoglobin, the major protein of red blood cells. [1] They are generally single-gene disorders and, in most cases, they are inherited as autosomal recessive traits. [2] [3]