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A testicle or testis (pl. testes) is the gonad in all male bilaterians, including humans, and is homologous to the ovary in females. Its primary functions are the production of sperm and the secretion of androgens, primarily testosterone. The release of testosterone is regulated by luteinizing hormone (LH) from the anterior pituitary gland.
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 15 February 2025. Sac of skin that protects the testicles For the obsolete dinosaur fossil name, see Megalosaurus § "Scrotum humanum". Scrotum A human's scrotum in a relaxed state (left) and a tense state (right) Details Precursor Labioscrotal swellings System Reproductive system Artery Anterior scrotal ...
Male germ cells formed in the testes are capable of special DNA repair processes that function during meiosis to repair DNA damages and to maintain the integrity of the genomes that are to be passed on to progeny. [12] These DNA repair processes include homologous recombinational repair and non-homologous end joining. [12]
It connects the testicle to the vas deferens in the male reproductive system. The epididymis serves as an interconnection between the multiple efferent ducts at the rear of a testicle (proximally), and the vas deferens (distally). Its primary function is the storage, maturation and transport of sperm cells.
The rete testis (/ ˈ r iː t i ˈ t ɛ s t ɪ s / REE-tee TES-tis; pl.: retia testes) is an anastomosing network of delicate tubules located in the hilum of the testicle (mediastinum testis) that carries sperm from the seminiferous tubules to the efferent ducts. It is the homologue of the rete ovarii in females. [1]
The septa testis are fibrous partitions of the testis dividing the testis into compartments - the lobules of the testis.The septa are formed by extensions of the tunica albuginea - the dense fibrous connective tissue surface covering of the testis - into the substance of the testis.
They differ in size according to their position, those in the middle of the gland being larger and longer. The lobules are conical in shape, the base being directed toward the circumference of the organ, the apex toward the mediastinum testis.
The function of Sertoli cells in the Amniota and Anamniota is the same, but they have slightly different properties when compared to each other. Anamnionts (fish and amphibians) employ cystic spermatogenesis in order to produce sperm cells. [ 22 ]