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The HSE definition for breathing apparatus is that they use a supply of breathing quality gas from an independent source, such as air compressors or compressed gas cylinders. In this case compression of the supply gas at some stage is implied. Both respirators and breathing apparatus are classed as respiratory protective equipment by the HSE. [2]
See: venturi mask air-filtering respirator An air-filtering respirator is a breathing apparatus which removes particulates from the ambient air by passing it through a filter. air-purifying respirator An air-purifying respirator is a respirator which uses a filter, cartridge, or canister to remove specific air contaminants by passing ambient air through the air-purifying component ...
Some types are also referred to as a compressed air breathing apparatus (CABA) or simply breathing apparatus (BA). Unofficial names include air pack, air tank, oxygen cylinder or simply pack, terms used mostly in firefighting. If designed for use under water, it is also known as a scuba set (self-contained underwater breathing apparatus).
PAPRs are not effective during firefighting, in an oxygen-deficient atmosphere, or in an unknown atmosphere; in these situations a self-contained breathing apparatus or supplied-air respirator is recommended instead. [5] PAPRs have the advantage of eliminating breathing resistance caused by unpowered negative-pressure respirators such as N95 masks.
Other early attempts included the French designed "Apparatus Aldini" which was an asbestos and woven wire mask which attempted to provide the user with a small amount of trapped clean air to breath and an English designed closed helmet that pumped clean air across a pane of glass to reduce breathing condensation. [5]
A resuscitator is a device using positive pressure to inflate the lungs of an unconscious person who is not breathing, in order to keep them oxygenated and alive. [citation needed] There are three basic types: a manual version (also known as a bag valve mask) consisting of a mask and a large hand-squeezed plastic bulb using ambient air, or with supplemental oxygen from a high-pressure tank.
A ventilator is a type of breathing apparatus, a class of medical technology that provides mechanical ventilation by moving breathable air into and out of the lungs, to deliver breaths to a patient who is physically unable to breathe, or breathing insufficiently.
A supplied-air respirator (SAR) or air-line respirator is a breathing apparatus used in places where the ambient air may not be safe to breathe. It uses an air hose to supply air from outside the danger zone.