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The Harris–Benedict equation (also called the Harris-Benedict principle) is a method used to estimate an individual's basal metabolic rate (BMR).. The estimated BMR value may be multiplied by a number that corresponds to the individual's activity level; the resulting number is the approximate daily kilocalorie intake to maintain current body weight.
The Schofield Equation is a method of estimating the basal metabolic rate (BMR) of adult men and women published in 1985. [1] This is the equation used by the WHO in their technical report series. [2] The equation that is recommended to estimate BMR by the US Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics is the Mifflin-St. Jeor equation. [3]
BMR is a flexible trait (it can be reversibly adjusted within individuals), with, for example, lower temperatures generally resulting in higher basal metabolic rates for both birds [7] and rodents. [8] There are two models to explain how BMR changes in response to temperature: the variable maximum model (VMM) and variable fraction model (VFM).
Kleiber's plot comparing body size to metabolic rate for a variety of species. [1]Kleiber's law, named after Max Kleiber for his biology work in the early 1930s, states, after many observations that, for a vast number of animals, an animal's Basal Metabolic Rate scales to the 3 ⁄ 4 power of the animal's mass.
An individual's BMR varies greatly with age: infants and children typically have a high BMR, required for growth, while the elderly have a low BMR. [1] Tall, thin people have a higher BMR than their shorter counterparts, even with the same weight, due to the greater surface area of their skin. [ 3 ]
The Estimated Energy Requirement, , is the estimated number of daily kilocalories, or Calories, an individual requires in order to maintain his or her current weight.For a person with a body mass of (kg), height of (m), age of (years) and Physical Activity , this is given by
The Weir formula is a formula used in indirect calorimetry, relating metabolic rate to oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production. According to original source, it says: [ 1 ] Metabolic rate (kcal per day) = 1.440 (3.9 VO 2 + 1.1 VCO 2 )
The respiratory quotient (RQ or respiratory coefficient) is a dimensionless number used in calculations of basal metabolic rate (BMR) when estimated from carbon dioxide production. It is calculated from the ratio of carbon dioxide produced by the body to oxygen consumed by the body, when the body is in a steady state.