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Because Einstein published all four of these papers in a single year, 1905 is called his annus mirabilis (miraculous year). The first paper explained the photoelectric effect , which established the energy of the light quanta E = h f {\displaystyle E=hf} , and was the only specific discovery mentioned in the citation awarding Einstein the 1921 ...
In the centennial of "Annus Mirabilis" of 1905 (the miracle year during which Einstein published his five major papers on the special theory of relativity, Brownian motion and the quantum theory, which earned him the 1921 Nobel Prize in Physics), the UNESCO designated year 2005 to be the World Year of Physics (WYP).
Annus mirabilis (pl. anni mirabiles) is a Latin phrase that means "marvelous year", "wonderful year", or "miraculous year". This term has been used to refer to several years during which events of major importance are remembered, notably Isaac Newton's discoveries in 1665–1666 at the age of 23 and Albert Einstein's papers published in 1905 at the age of 26.
It is one of the four groundbreaking papers Einstein published in 1905, in Annalen der Physik, in his miracle year. In 1827, botanist Robert Brown used a microscope to look at dust grains floating in water. He found that the floating grains were moving about erratically; a phenomenon that became known as "Brownian motion". This was thought to ...
Within months, Einstein's description of Brownian motion was experimentally verified by Henry Siedentopf. [8]: 103–106 In 1905, Einstein developed his special theory of relativity, which reconciled the Galilean relativity of motion with the observed constancy of the speed of light (a paradox of 19th-century physics). [14]
Includes Einstein's first (1900) published paper after his graduation from ETH Zurich, the Annus Mirabilis Papers, text of his invited lecture after his first academic appointment to the University of Zurich, etc. The Collected Papers of Albert Einstein, Volume 2, The Swiss Years: Writings, 1900-1909. [3]
Albert Einstein worked there as a patent clerk for several years, including 1905, his Annus Mirabilis (miracle year). That year, while continuing to work on patents, Einstein published four groundbreaking papers that are fundamental to modern physics.
Because of this, 1905 is said to be the miraculous year for physics, and its 100th anniversary was declared the World Year of Physics. Fritz Schaudinn and Erich Hoffmann discovers the bacterium that is responsible for syphilis—a spiral-shaped spirochete called Treponema pallidum. The German Equestrian Federation is founded.