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It is called a straight engine (or 'inline engine') when the cylinders are arranged in a single line. Where the cylinders are arranged in two or more lines (such as in V engines or flat engines), each line of cylinders is referred to as a 'cylinder bank'. The angle between cylinder banks is called the 'bank angle'.
A simple three-into-one exhaust for each cylinder bank provides uniform scavenging, since the engine is effectively behaving like two separate straight-three engines in this regard. Primary reciprocating plane and rotating plane imbalances are present due to the distance along the crankshaft between opposing cylinders.
A straight engine is easier to build than an equivalent flat engine or V engine, as it uses one cylinder head rather than two. Inline engines are also narrower than flat engines or V engines; however, they are longer and can be taller. The engine balance characteristics of a straight engine depend on the number of cylinders and the firing interval.
V6 engines are inherently unbalanced, regardless of the V-angle. Any inline engine with an odd number of cylinders has a primary imbalance , which causes an end-to-end rocking motion. As each cylinder bank in a V6 has three cylinders, each cylinder bank experiences this motion. [ 8 ]
Most modern engines with a "straight" (inline) layout today use a single cylinder head that serves all the cylinders. Engines with a "V" layout or "flat" layout typically use two cylinder heads (one for each cylinder bank ), however a small number of 'narrow-angle' V engines (such as the Volkswagen VR5 and VR6 engines) use a single cylinder ...
A Junkers Jumo 222 multibank aviation engine, four cylinders per bank. Inline Radial: Multiple bank engines, usually liquid-cooled, with an odd number of banks (three or more) arranged around a common axis and/or driving a common crankshaft with more than 180° between first and last banks, (e.g. air-cooled Armstrong Siddeley Deerhound, liquid ...
All V6 engines with even firing spacing—regardless of the V-angle between the cylinder banks—are subject to a primary imbalance caused by each bank consisting of an inline-three engine, due to the odd number of cylinders in each bank. Straight-six engines and flat-six engines do not experience this imbalance.
A Packard Liberty V-1650 Aircraft engine (cut-away)- 12 cylinder "v" type water cooled engine; 400 h.p. at 1700 r.p.m. 5" bore, 7" stroke, 8431 lbs., 45-degree angle cylinders, and aluminum pistons is on exhibit on a display stand at Carillon Historical Park in Dayton, Ohio. [19]
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