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Map of early human migrations based on the Out of Africa theory; figures are in thousands of years ago (kya). [1]The peopling of the Americas began when Paleolithic hunter-gatherers (Paleo-Indians) entered North America from the North Asian Mammoth steppe via the Beringia land bridge, which had formed between northeastern Siberia and western Alaska due to the lowering of sea level during the ...
The Younger Dryas impact hypothesis (YDIH) proposes that the onset of the Younger Dryas (YD) cool period at the end of the Last Glacial Period, around 12,900 years ago was the result of some kind of cosmic event with specific details varying between publications. [1]:
Humans crossed over this bridge and started becoming abundant in North America between 11,000 and 12,000 years ago. [149] Despite withstanding the fluctuating climate and concomitant advance and retreat of glaciers, around 10,000 years ago around 32 genera of large mammals suddenly became extinct. [150]
Fragments of Larsen B ice shelf lingered until 2005. Radiocarbon dating has been used to date the start of glacial retreat on Alexander Island 18,000 years ago. [1] The outermost locations like Marguerite Bay were fully deglaciated 12,000 years ago and the further inland locations continued deglaciating for an additional 3,000 years. [1]
Map of early human migrations based on the Out of Africa theory; figures are in thousands of years ago (kya). [2]The peopling of the Americas began when Paleolithic hunter-gatherers (Paleo-Indians) entered North America from the North Asian Mammoth steppe via the Beringia land bridge, which had formed between northeastern Siberia and western Alaska due to the lowering of sea level during the ...
In 2024 a paper was published in Science Advances that added additional support to the overkill hypothesis in North America when the skull of an 18 month old child, dated to 12,800 years ago, was analyzed for chemical signatures attributable to both maternal milk and solid food. Specific isotopes of carbon and nitrogen most closely matched ...
The Younger Dryas (YD, Greenland Stadial GS-1) [2] was a period in Earth's geologic history that occurred circa 12,900 to 11,700 years Before Present (BP). [3] It is primarily known for the sudden or "abrupt" cooling in the Northern Hemisphere, when the North Atlantic Ocean cooled and annual air temperatures decreased by ~3 °C (5 °F) over North America, 2–6 °C (4–11 °F) in Europe and ...
c. 27,000–12,000 years ago – Humans cross the Beringia land bridge into North and then South America. Dates of earliest migration to the Americas is highly debated. c. 15,500 year old arrowhead; oldest verified arrowhead in the Americas, found in Texas.