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After staying relatively inactive since 2014, [16] the Hunga Tonga–Hunga Haʻapai volcano erupted on 20 December 2021, sending particulates into the stratosphere.A large plume of ash was visible from Nukuʻalofa, the capital city of Tonga, about 70 km (43 mi) from the volcano.
A major eruption triggered a tsunami that killed at least 420 people and injured 14,000 others. [88] [89] As a result of the landslide, the height of the volcano was reduced from 338 meters to 110 meters. [90] 3 Ambae [91] Vanuatu 2018 During a series of eruptions, volcanic ash blackened the sky, buried crops and destroyed homes.
2022: Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai Located in the southern Pacific Ocean, the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai eruption in January 2022 saw a plume of rock and ash shoot a staggering 58km high into the sky.
As of February 2024 the eruption is the largest volcanic eruption in the 21st century. Hunga Tonga–Hunga Haʻapai likely had a previous major explosive eruption in the late 11th or early 12th century (possibly in 1108). Several known historical eruptions occurred in 1912, 1937, 1988, 2009, 2014–15 and 2021–22.
2022: Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai, Tonga. On Jan. 1, an underwater volcano near Tonga exploded, sending a plume of ash and steam more than 12 miles into the atmosphere in an event that was powerful ...
Satellite images of the 15 January 2022 eruption of Hunga Tonga-Hunga Haʻapai. This is a list of volcanoes that have had large explosive eruptions during the Holocene (since about 11,650 years Before Present), with a volcanic explosivity index (VEI) of 5 or higher, or a plume height of at least 30 km.
Land swelling is common prior to volcanic eruptions, and Professor Thorvaldur Thordarson said the ground is now rising some 5.5 times faster than it did 10 days ago, with the flow of magma into ...
eruption episode L 7 Phlegraean Fields: Campanian volcanic arc: Unknown 15.7 5 Mount Vesuvius Campanian volcanic arc 1.3 19.3 Green Pumice: 7 Long Island, PNG Bismarck Volcanic Arc 100 19.3 Kiau Ignimbrite 7 Zavaritzki Caldera: Simushir, Kuril Islands: 200 20 6 Rabaul: Bismarck Volcanic Arc >10 21 Kulau Ignimbrite 6 Menengai