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Manuscript miniature depicting a 15th century brigandine (made between 1440-1450 in Nantes or Angers) The form of the brigandine is essentially the same as the civilian doublet, though it is commonly sleeveless. However, depictions of brigandines with sleeves are known.
Brigandine: late 12th to 16th: Cloth garment, generally canvas or leather, lined with small oblong steel plates riveted to the fabric. Hauberk, byrnie, or haubergeon? to 15th (mostly died out during the 14th and 15th centuries) Mail shirt reaching to the mid-thigh with sleeves. Early mail shirts generally were quite long.
In the 15th century, full plate armour was developed, which reduced the mail component to a few points of flexible reinforcement. [9] From the 14th to 16th century, the primary weapon of the man at arms on horseback was the lance. The lance of the 14th century was essentially a simple spear, 12 ft (3.7 m) in length, usually of ash. [10]
Besides separate mirror plates laced as reinforcement to other armours there were small mirrors that were sewn or riveted to brigandine. Brigandines with such integral reinforcements were very popular at the end of the 15th century, but their use had practically been abandoned by the end of the 17th century.
By the second half of the 14th century, the coat of plates became affordable enough to be worn by soldiers of lesser status, like the Gotland's militiamen or the urban militia of Paris. After being replaced by plate armour amongst the elite, similar garments could still be found in the 15th century, as the brigandine.
During the Ming dynasty (1368–1644), brigandine began to supplant lamellar armour and was used to a great degree into the Qing dynasty (1644–1912). By the 19th century most Qing armour, which was of the brigandine type, were purely ceremonial, having kept the outer studs for aesthetic purposes, and omitted the protective metal plates.
Spices still had ‘distinctive aroma’ after being discovered on 15th century shipwreck. Letter from Roman emperor leads to discovery of cult temple hidden beneath parking lot.
In the second half of the 15th century, the cuirass was occasionally superseded by the brigandine jacket, the medieval forerunner of the flak jacket. In essence, the brigandine jacket was constructed of metal plates sewn into a fabric jacket. The fabric was generally a rich material, and was lined throughout with overlapping scales of metal ...