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Hypouricemia or hypouricaemia is a level of uric acid in blood serum that is below normal. In humans, the normal range of this blood component has a lower threshold set variously in the range of 2 mg/dL to 4 mg/dL, while the upper threshold is 530 μmol/L (6 mg/dL) for women and 619 μmol/L (7 mg/dL) for men. [1]
Low dietary zinc intakes cause lower uric acid levels. This effect can be even more pronounced in women taking oral contraceptive medication. [61] Sevelamer, a drug indicated for prevention of hyperphosphataemia in people with chronic kidney failure, can significantly reduce serum uric acid. [62]
Hyperuricaemia or hyperuricemia is an abnormally high level of uric acid in the blood.In the pH conditions of body fluid, uric acid exists largely as urate, the ion form. [1] [2] Serum uric acid concentrations greater than 6 mg/dL for females, 7 mg/dL for males, and 5.5 mg/dL for youth (under 18 years old) are defined as hyperuricemia. [3]
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 10 January 2025. Medical system for classifying human faeces Medical diagnostic method Bristol stool scale Bristol stool chart Synonyms Bristol stool chart (BSC); Bristol Stool Scale (BSS); Bristol Stool Form Scale (BSFS or BSF scale); Purpose classify type of feces (diagnostic triad for irritable bowel ...
Gout is due to persistently elevated levels of uric acid (urate) in the blood (hyperuricemia). [2] [5] This occurs from a combination of diet, other health problems, and genetic factors. [1] [2] At high levels, uric acid crystallizes and the crystals deposit in joints, tendons, and surrounding tissues, resulting in an attack of gout. [1]
A fecal pH test may be used to determine lactose intolerance or the presence of an infection. [13] Steatorrhea can be diagnosed using a fecal fat test, which checks for the malabsorption of fat. [14] Faecal elastase levels are becoming the mainstay of pancreatitis diagnosis.
Allopurinol is used to reduce urate formation in conditions where urate deposition has already occurred or is predictable. The specific diseases and conditions where it is used include gouty arthritis, skin tophi, kidney stones, idiopathic gout; uric acid lithiasis; acute uric acid nephropathy; neoplastic disease and myeloproliferative disease with high cell turnover rates, in which high urate ...
The fecal immunochemical test (FIT) is a diagnostic technique that examines stool samples for traces of non-visible blood, which could potentially indicate conditions including bowel cancer. [1] Symptoms which could be caused by bowel cancer and suggest a FIT include a change in bowel habit, anaemia , unexplained weight loss, and abdominal pain .