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The fusee was a good mainspring compensator, but it was also expensive, difficult to adjust, and had other disadvantages: It was bulky and tall, and made pocket watches unfashionably thick. [14] If the mainspring broke and had to be replaced, a frequent occurrence with early mainsprings, the fusee had to be readjusted to the new spring.
In England, high end watches went to the duplex escapement, developed in 1782, but relatively inexpensive verge fusee watches continued to be produced until the mid 19th century, when the lever escapement took over. [38] [39] These later verge watches were colloquially called 'turnips' because of their bulky build.
The verge was the only escapement used in clocks and watches for 350 years. In spring-driven clocks and watches, it required a fusee to even out the force of the mainspring. It was used in the first pendulum clocks for about 50 years after the pendulum clock was invented in 1656.
During his time as an active clockmaker and watchmaker between the mid 1750s and 1793, he made pocket watches, hall clocks, wall clocks, etc., many of which were of the verge fusee escapement type of movement. Most of his pocket watches would have had "beetle and poker"-style hands, white enamel faces, and baluster-style pillars.
A fusee is a practical necessity in watches using a verge escapement, and can also provide considerable benefit with a lever escapement and other high precision types of escapements (Hamiltons WWII era Model 21 chronometer used a fusee in combination with a detent escapement).
Jacques-Frédéric Houriet (1743–1830), Swiss watchmaker, Le Locle, pocket watch, tourbillon. [1] Jules Jürgensen (1745–1811), Danish watchmaker and manufacturer, Le Locle, pocket watch, longcase clock. Peter Kinzing (1745–1816), German clockmaker and mechanic. Daniel Möllinger (1746–1794), German clockmaker, Heidelberg, city clock maker.
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The going barrel invented in 1760 by Jean-Antoine Lépine provided a more constant drive force over the watch's running period, and its adoption in the 19th century made the fusee obsolete. Complicated pocket chronometers and astronomical watches with many hands and functions were made during this period.
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