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Cyproterone acetate (CPA), sold alone under the brand name Androcur or with ethinylestradiol under the brand names Diane or Diane-35 among others, is an antiandrogen and progestin medication used in the treatment of androgen-dependent conditions such as acne, excessive body hair growth, early puberty, and prostate cancer, as a component of feminizing hormone therapy for transgender individuals ...
The side effects of bicalutamide, a nonsteroidal antiandrogen (NSAA), including its frequent and rare side effects, have been well-studied and characterized. The most common side effects of bicalutamide monotherapy in men include breast tenderness, breast growth, feminization, demasculinization, and hot flashes.
Along with triptorelin and goserelin, it has been used to delay puberty in transgender youth until they are old enough to begin hormone replacement therapy. [17] Researchers have recommended puberty blockers after age 12, when the person has developed to Tanner stages 2–3, and then cross-sex hormones treatment at age 16.
It is recommended that physicians screen for prostate cancer with a digital rectal exam and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level before starting therapy, and monitor PSA and hematocrit levels closely during therapy. [31] Some studies argue that ART increases the risk of prostate cancer, although the results are not conclusive. [32]
A gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH agonist) is a type of medication which affects gonadotropins and sex hormones. [1] They are used for a variety of indications including in fertility medicine and to lower sex hormone levels in the treatment of hormone-sensitive cancers such as prostate cancer and breast cancer, certain gynecological disorders like heavy periods and endometriosis ...
Injections of certain radioisotopes, such as strontium-89, phosphorus-32, or samarium-153, also target bone metastases and may help relieve pain. For men with prostate cancer and bone metastases zoledronic acid (a bisphosphonate) and denosumab (a RANK-ligand-inhibitor) appear to be the most effective in preventing skeletal complications. [85]
Estrogen dosages for prostate cancer Route/form Estrogen Dosage Oral: Estradiol: 1–2 mg 3x/day Conjugated estrogens: 1.25–2.5 mg 3x/day Ethinylestradiol: 0.15–3 mg/day Ethinylestradiol sulfonate: 1–2 mg 1x/week Diethylstilbestrol: 1–3 mg/day Dienestrol: 5 mg/day Hexestrol: 5 mg/day Fosfestrol: 100–480 mg 1–3x/day Chlorotrianisene ...
Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESA) are medications which stimulate the bone marrow to make red blood cells. [1] They are used to treat anemia due to end stage kidney disease, chemotherapy, major surgery, or certain treatments in HIV/AIDS. [1] [2] In these situations they decrease the need for blood transfusions. [2]