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Some other side-effects of vancomycin are nephrotoxicity including kidney failure and interstitial nephritis, blood disorders including neutropenia, and deafness, which is reversible once therapy has stopped. Over 90% of the dose is excreted in the urine, therefore there is a risk of accumulation in patients with renal impairment, so ...
Aminoglycosides — their use is extremely restricted due to risk of hearing loss and kidney damage. Amphotericin B — used for life-threatening fungal infections and primary amoebic meningoencephalitis; [3] its side effects are often severe or potentially fatal.
Vancomycin is recommended to be administered in a dilute solution slowly, over at least 60 min (maximum rate of 10 mg/min for doses >500 mg) [21] due to the high incidence of pain and thrombophlebitis and to avoid an infusion reaction known as vancomycin flushing reaction. This phenomenon has been often clinically referred to as "red man syndrome".
Events that may occur in acute overdose are rare, and include kidney failure and seizure. [46] Susceptible groups of patients, such as children and the elderly, are at greater risk of adverse reactions during therapeutic use. [35] [47] [48]
There are various forms, [2] and some drugs may affect kidney function in more than one way. Nephrotoxins are substances displaying nephrotoxicity. Nephrotoxicity should not be confused with some medications predominantly excreted by the kidneys needing their dose adjusted for the decreased kidney function (e.g., heparin, lithium).
Bladder outlet obstruction is included in the spectrum of congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT). CAKUT is the most common cause of birth defects, occurring in 1 out of 1000 live births, and accounts for approximately half of all cases of chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease in children. [1] [2]
Affected children have rapid decline in kidney function resulting in end-stage renal disease within the first years of life, and require treatment with dialysis and kidney transplantation. [ 1 ] [ 4 ] Most children live fairly normal life post-transplant but will spend significant time hospitalised pre-transplant and have numerous surgeries to ...
There are few well-controlled studies on whether antibiotic use increases the risk of oral contraceptive failure. [55] The majority of studies indicate antibiotics do not interfere with birth control pills, [56] such as clinical studies that suggest the failure rate of contraceptive pills caused by antibiotics is very low (about 1%). [57]
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