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Vat dyes are a class of dyes that are classified as such because of the method by which they are applied. Vat dyeing is a process that refers to dyeing that takes place in a bucket or vat. The original vat dye is indigo , once obtained only from plants but now often produced synthetically.
One of the most important anthraquinone dyes of herbal origin is alizarin, which is extracted from the dyer's madder (Rubia tinctorum). Alizarin is the eponym for a number of structurally related dyes that use alizarin dyes (sometimes synonymous with anthraquinone dyes). It was the first natural dye for which an industrial synthesis was ...
Pigment Violet 29 (C.I. 71129) is an organic compound that is used as a pigment [1] and vat dye. Its colour is dark red purple, or bordeaux. [1] [2] Structurally, it is a derivative of perylene, although it is produced from acenaphthene. It is a less common dye compared to related derivatives such as pigment red 190 (Vat Red 29). [3] [4]
The main advantages of carbonyl dyes are the possibility of reducing the carbonyl groups to water-soluble dienols (→Vat dyes), which is advantageous in industrial applications. On the other hand, by introducing suitable electron donating groups, the absorption maximum of the resulting dyes can be shifted to almost any region of the VIS spectrum.
Indanthrone is utilized as a blue pigment (C.I. Pigment Blue 60), primarily in the process of vat dyeing, often referred to as C.I. Vat Blue 4. [8] Indanthrone is a vat dye, synthesized to provide highest color fastness for the dyeing and printing of predominantly cellulose-based textile fibers. Fabrics dyed with indanthrene fulfill the highest ...
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Vat dyes are essentially insoluble in water and incapable of dyeing fibres directly. However, reduction in alkaline liquor produces the water-soluble alkali metal salt of the dye. This form is often colorless, in which case it is referred to as a Leuco dye , and has an affinity for the textile fibre.
It is an anthraquinone derivative, first synthesized in 1913 as a vat dye, C.I. Vat Orange 3 (C.I. 59300), and later on also as a pigment, C.I. Pigment Red 168. [ 1 ] References