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To schedule a job , an algorithm has to choose a machine count and assign j to a starting time and to machines during the time interval [, +,). A usual assumption for this kind of problem is that the total workload of a job, which is defined as d ⋅ p j , d {\displaystyle d\cdot p_{j,d}} , is non-increasing for an increasing number of machines.
There are many pleasingly parallel problems that have such relatively independent code blocks, in particular systems using pipes and filters. For example, when producing live broadcast television, the following tasks must be performed many times a second: Read a frame of raw pixel data from the image sensor,
Fork–join is the main model of parallel execution in the OpenMP framework, although OpenMP implementations may or may not support nesting of parallel sections. [6] It is also supported by the Java concurrency framework, [7] the Task Parallel Library for .NET, [8] and Intel's Threading Building Blocks (TBB). [1]
The idea of work stealing goes back to the implementation of the Multilisp programming language and work on parallel functional programming languages in the 1980s. [2] It is employed in the scheduler for the Cilk programming language, [3] the Java fork/join framework, [4] the .NET Task Parallel Library, [5] and the Rust Tokio runtime. [6] [7]
Optimal job scheduling is a class of optimization problems related to scheduling. The inputs to such problems are a list of jobs (also called processes or tasks) and a list of machines (also called processors or workers). The required output is a schedule – an assignment of jobs to machines. The schedule should optimize a certain objective ...
The following example is based on the Java Skandium library for parallel programming. The objective is to implement an Algorithmic Skeleton-based parallel version of the QuickSort algorithm using the Divide and Conquer pattern. Notice that the high-level approach hides Thread management from the programmer.
The basic form of the problem of scheduling jobs with multiple (M) operations, over M machines, such that all of the first operations must be done on the first machine, all of the second operations on the second, etc., and a single job cannot be performed in parallel, is known as the flow-shop scheduling problem.
Interval scheduling is a class of problems in computer science, particularly in the area of algorithm design. The problems consider a set of tasks. Each task is represented by an interval describing the time in which it needs to be processed by some machine (or, equivalently, scheduled on some resource).