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Ethical egoism can be broadly divided into three categories: individual, personal, and universal. An individual ethical egoist would hold that all people should do whatever benefits "my" (the individual's) self-interest; a personal ethical egoist would hold that they should act in their self-interest, but would make no claims about what anyone else ought to do; a universal ethical egoist would ...
The Ego and His Own public domain audiobook at LibriVox; The Ego and Its Own Cambridge Texts in the History of Political Thought edition (Cambridge University Press, 1995) ed. D. Leopold. The Ego and Its Own from the Marxists Internet Archive. Stirner's Critics. Stirner's reply to his critics, (addendum to The Unique). The Unique and Its Property
“For Sartre, the ego is not the subject of, but an object for consciousness and depends on the latter for existence." [8]:23 "The Ego (including both the 'I' and the 'Me') does not come into existence until the original consciousness has been made the object of reflection. Thus there is never an Ego-consciousness but only consciousness of the ...
According to Freud as well as ego psychology the id is a set of uncoordinated instinctual needs; the superego plays the judgemental role via internalized experiences; and the ego is the perceiving, logically organizing agent that mediates between the id's innate desires, the demands of external reality and those of the critical superego; [3 ...
The over-evaluation of one's own ego [10] regularly appears in childish forms of love. [11] Optimal development allows a gradual decrease into a more realistic view of one's own place in the world. [12] A less optimal adjustment may later lead to what has been called defensive egotism, serving to overcompensate for a fragile concept of self. [13]
Freud also considers that in addition to the individual super-ego, there may exist a 'cultural super-ego' that sets itself up as a conscience for society, and that his recommendation for it is the same as his recommendation for many of his neurotic patients: that it must lower its demands on the frail ego.
Egoism is a philosophy concerned with the role of the self, or ego, as the motivation and goal of one's own action.Different theories of egoism encompass a range of disparate ideas and can generally be categorized into descriptive or normative forms.
The philosophy of self examines the idea of the self at a conceptual level. Many different ideas on what constitutes self have been proposed, including the self being an activity, the self being independent of the senses, the bundle theory of the self, the self as a narrative center of gravity, and the self as a linguistic or social construct rather than a physical entity.