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Joule heating (also known as resistive heating, resistance heating, or Ohmic heating) is the process by which the passage of an electric current through a conductor produces heat.
The heating caused by the induced current is called ohmic (or resistive) heating; it is the same kind of heating that occurs in an electric light bulb or in an electric heater. The heat generated depends on the resistance of the plasma and the amount of electric current running through it.
An ohmic plasma is a plasma that is maintained and/or replenished by the heat produced when a plasma current flows through its resistance as in the induced poloidal magnetic field of a tokamak. Efficiency decreases as the plasma temperature increases.
These are called non-ohmic or non-linear, and their current–voltage curves are not straight lines through the origin. Resistance and conductance can still be defined for non-ohmic elements. However, unlike ohmic resistance, non-linear resistance is not constant but varies with the voltage or current through the device; i.e., its operating point.
An element (resistor or conductor) that behaves according to Ohm's law over some operating range is referred to as an ohmic device (or an ohmic resistor) because Ohm's law and a single value for the resistance suffice to describe the behavior of the device over that range.
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As the temperature of the gas increases, the conductivity of the plasma improves. This makes the ohmic heating process less and less effective, and this system is limited to temperatures of about 1 million kelvins. [48] To heat the plasma to higher temperatures, Spitzer proposed a second heat source, the magnetic pumping system. This consisted ...
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