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Conivaptan hydrochloride is an off-white or a pale yellow power with a solubility of 0.25 mg/mL in water at 23 °C. The injectable formulation consists of 20 mg conivaptan hydrochloride, 0.4 g ethanol, 1.2 g propylene glycol and water. [2]
Tolvaptan, sold under the brand name Samsca among others, is an aquaretic drug that functions as a selective, competitive vasopressin receptor 2 (V 2) antagonist used to treat hyponatremia (low blood sodium levels) associated with congestive heart failure, cirrhosis, and the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH).
The "vaptan" drugs act by directly blocking the action of vasopressin at its receptors (V 1A, V 1B and V 2).These receptors have a variety of functions, with the V 1A and V 2 receptors are expressed peripherally and involved in the modulation of blood pressure and kidney function respectively, while the V 1A and V 1B receptors are expressed in the central nervous system.
Tolvaptan phosphate is a drug used for the treatment of cardiac edema. It is a prodrug of tolvaptan , [ 1 ] [ 2 ] formulated as the salt tolvaptan sodium phosphate, for intravenous administration .
Pharmaceutical companies are expanding their business with the aim to expand the export market. [2] In the period between July and February in the fiscal year 2024 to 2025, pharmaceutical export was $134.15 million, a 13% increase compared to the same period last year. [3] There are 5 types of medicine manufacturing companies in Bangladesh.
Lixivaptan (VPA-985) is an orally-active, non-peptide, selective vasopressin 2 receptor antagonist being developed as an investigational drug by Palladio Biosciences, Inc. (Palladio), a subsidiary of Centessa Pharmaceuticals plc.
Spreitzer H (November 20, 2006). "Neue Wirkstoffe - Conivaptan". Österreichische Apothekerzeitung (in German) (24/2006). "Conivaptan hydrochloride". Molecule of the Month. Prous Science. November 2006. Archived from the original on 2012-02-13.
This is stated as the aim of the institution [4] - . Pharmacy education is conducted in such public and private educational institutions through the development of good governance and management to achieve excellence in higher education and innovative research, to ensure the provision of overall facilities to universities and institutes of health technologies to build a sustainable socio ...