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The Arabic word tasawwuf (lit. ' 'Sufism' '), generally translated as Sufism, is commonly defined by Western authors as Islamic mysticism. [14] [15] [16] The Arabic term Sufi has been used in Islamic literature with a wide range of meanings, by both proponents and opponents of Sufism. [14]
A Sheikh or shaykh (Arabic: شيخ, romanized: shaykh, pl. شيوخ, shuyūkh), of Sufism is a Sufi who is authorized to teach, initiate and guide aspiring dervishes in the Islamic faith. The sheik is vital to the path of the novice Sufi, for the sheik has himself travelled the path of mysticism.
Sufism is the mystical branch of Islam in which Muslims seek divine love and truth through direct personal experience of God. [1] This mystic tradition within Islam developed in several stages of growth, emerging first in the form of early asceticism, based on the teachings of Hasan al-Basri, before entering the second stage of more classical mysticism of divine love, as promoted by al-Ghazali ...
Maqām [1] (Arabic: مَقَام "station"; plural مَقَامَات maqāmāt) refers to each stage a Sufi's soul must attain in its search for God. [2] The stations are derived from the most routine considerations a Sufi must deal with on a day-to-day basis and is essentially an embodiment of both mystical knowledge and Islamic law ().
In Sufi teachings, ma'rifa "is an apprehension of the divine unity in such a way that awareness of self is lost in awareness of God". [4] The term 'arif, meaning "gnostic," has been employed to describe accomplished mystics who have reached the elevated spiritual stage of maʿrifa. [5]
Tajalli literally means "manifestation", "revelation", "disclosure" or "epiphany / theophany".Mystics use the term to refer to the manifestation of divine truth in the microcosm of the human heart and the macrocosm of the universe, interrelated in God's creation and constituting a reflection of the majesty of his Tawhid or indivisible oneness.
In Islamic philosophy, Sufi metaphysics is centered on the concept of وحدة, waḥdah, 'unity' or توحيد, tawhid. Two main Sufi philosophies prevail on this topic. Waḥdat al-wujūd literally means "the Unity of Existence" or "the Unity of Being." [1] Wujūd, meaning "existence" or "presence", here refers to God.
Sufism known as Tasawwuf in the Arabic-speaking world, is a form of Islamic mysticism that emphasizes introspection and spiritual closeness with God. It is a mystical form of Islam, a school of practice that emphasizes the inward search for The God and shuns materialism. About 60% Muslims in Pakistan regard themselves as followers of Sufi ...