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Grinnell improved Parmalee's first practical automatic sprinkler and patented his own Grinnell sprinkler in 1882. [5] Continual improvements resulted in the glass disc sprinkler in 1890. With slight modifications, this sprinkler head is still used in modern fire sprinkler systems ; sprinklers are even called le Grinnells in France. [ 6 ]
Systems are as diverse as the many applications. [4] [5] In general, however, automatic fire suppression systems fall into two categories: engineered and pre-engineered systems. [6] Engineered fire suppression systems are design specific and most commonly used for larger installations where the system is designed for a particular application ...
The hydraulic calculation procedure is defined in the applicable reference model codes such as that published by the US-based National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), [2] or the EN 12845 standard, Fixed firefighting system – Automatic sprinkler systems – Design, installation and maintenance. [3]
Grinnell licensed a sprinkler device patented by Henry S. Parmalee, then worked to improve the invention, and in 1881 patented the automatic sprinkler that bears his name. [2] He continued to improve the device and in 1890 invented the glass disc sprinkler, essentially the same as that in use today. Such sprinklers are called le Grinnell in ...
Sprinkler systems installed by sprinkler fitters can include the underground supply as well as integrated overhead piping systems and standpipes. The fire suppression piping may contain water, air (in a dry system), antifreeze, gas or chemicals as in a hood system, or a mixture producing fire retardant foam .
Henry S. Parmelee (c. 1846 – 1902), president of the Fair Haven and Westville Street Railway Company, was a piano maker from New Haven, Connecticut.He took the idea of Sir Hiram Maxim and then invented the second automatic fire sprinkler system in 1874, to protect his piano factory. [1]