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Arabia Petraea or Petrea, also known as Rome's Arabian Province [1] or simply Arabia, was a frontier province of the Roman Empire beginning in the 2nd century. It consisted of the former Nabataean Kingdom in the southern Levant , the Sinai Peninsula , and the northwestern Arabian Peninsula .
From 106 AD to 630 AD northwestern Arabia was under the control of the Roman Empire, which renamed it Arabia Petraea. [55] Central Arabia was the location of the Kingdom of Kinda in the 4th, 5th and early 6th centuries. Eastern Arabia was home to the Dilmun civilization. The earliest known events in Arabian history are migrations from the ...
Arabia Deserta was one of three regions into which the Romans divided the Arabian peninsula: Arabia Deserta (or Arabia Magna), Arabia Felix, and Arabia Petraea. As a name for the region, it remained popular into the 19th and 20th centuries, and was used in Charles M. Doughty's Travels in Arabia Deserta (1888). [1]
In AD 106, when Cornelius Palma was governor of Syria, the part of Arabia under the rule of Petra was absorbed into the Roman Empire as part of Arabia Petraea, and Petra became its capital. [26] The native dynasty came to an end but the city continued to flourish under Roman rule. It was around this time that the Petra Roman Road was built.
Articles relating to Arabia Petraea, a frontier province of the Roman Empire beginning in the 2nd century. It consisted of the former Nabataean Kingdom in the southern Levant, the Sinai Peninsula, and the northwestern Arabian Peninsula. Its capital was Petra.
A map of the Roman Empire, at its greatest extent, showing the territory of Trajan's Nabataean conquests in red Main article: Arabia Petraea In 106 AD, during the reign of Roman emperor Trajan , the last king of the Nabataean kingdom Rabbel II Soter died, [ 47 ] which may have prompted the official annexation of Nabatea to the Roman Empire. [ 47 ]
Map showing the hydraulic network of Petra. Water, its hydrology and hydraulics were the main engines of the city of Petra; the city is built in a valley surrounded by mountains, crossed by the wadi Musa, a torrent flowing from east to west, which divides the city in two and constitutes its backbone.
The map shows a peninsula near present-day Bahrain. The islands of “Arathos” and “Thylaso” indicate Muharraq and Bahrain islands, respectively, which are actually located north of Qatar. On this map, they are placed on the Persian coast side, probably because the cartographer confused them with “Hormuz” and “Qishm.”