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In 1963, this definition was refined as the space occupied by 10 pounds of distilled water of density 0.998 859 g/mL weighed in air of density 0.001 217 g/mL against weights of density 8.136 g/mL (the original "brass" was refined as the densities of brass alloys vary depending on metallurgical composition), which was calculated as 4.546 091 879 ...
It was supposed to be replaced by the 500 mL "half-liter", which was dropped in 1989, but is sometimes used for craft beer and malt liquor. Fifth (US) 25.6 US fl oz: 26.66 imp oz. 757 mL: A fifth (1 ⁄ 5, or 0.2) of a US gallon. Called a "Commercial Quart" because it was equivalent to 0.8 US fluid quarts.
It follows, therefore, that 1000th of a litre, known as one millilitre (1 mL), of water has a mass of about 1 g; 1000 litres of water has a mass of about 1000 kg (1 tonne or megagram). This relationship holds because the gram was originally defined as the mass of 1 mL of water; however, this definition was abandoned in 1799 because the density ...
The US fluid ounce is based on the US gallon, which in turn is based on the wine gallon of 231 cubic inches that was used in the United Kingdom prior to 1824. With the adoption of the international inch, the US fluid ounce became 1 ⁄ 128 gal × 231 in 3 /gal × (2.54 cm/in) 3 = 29.5735295625 mL exactly, or about 4% larger than the imperial unit.
The chart below [6] lists the sizes of various wine bottles in multiples relating to a standard bottle of wine, which is 0.75 litres (0.20 US gal; 0.16 imp gal) (six 125 mL servings). The "wineglassful"—an official unit of the apothecaries' system of weights —is much smaller at 2.5 imp fl oz (71 mL ).
A standardized hogshead measured 48 inches (1.22 m) long and 30 inches (76.20 cm) in diameter at the head (at least 550 L or 121 imp gal or 145 US gal, depending on the width in the middle). Fully packed with tobacco, it weighed about 1,000 pounds (454 kg) [ citation needed ] .
The reputed quart was a measure equal to two-thirds of an imperial quart (or one-sixth of an imperial gallon), at about 0.7577 liters, which is very close to one US fifth (0.757 liters). The reputed quart was previously recognized as a standard size of wine bottle in the United Kingdom, and is only about 1% larger than the current standard wine ...
A carboy, also known as a demijohn or a lady jeanne, is a rigid container with a typical capacity of 4 to 60 litres (1 to 16 US gal). [1] [2] Carboys are primarily used for transporting liquids, often drinking water or chemicals. [3] They are also used for in-home fermentation of beverages, often beer or wine.