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According to the Köppen climate classification system, Crater Lake National Park has a dry-summer subarctic climate (Dsc). The plant hardiness zone at the lake is 6b with an average annual extreme minimum air temperature of −3.7 °F (−19.8 °C).
Crater Lake Institute Director and limnologist Owen Hoffman states that "Crater Lake is the deepest, when compared on the basis of average depth among lakes whose basins are entirely above sea level. The average depths of Lakes Baikal and Tanganyika are deeper than Crater Lake; however, both have basins that extend below sea level." [19] [21]
Crater Lake actually started as a mountain, Mount Mazama. A volcanic eruption roughly 7,700 years ago caused the mountain to collapse inward over time, forming a volcanic crater, the park says.
In the Crater Lake area, winter lasts eight months with an average snowfall of 41 feet (12.5 m) per year. [6] Rim Drive is only open during the summer due to the heavy snowfall as the road is covered by more than 20 feet (6.1 m) of snow with drifts as deep as 60 feet (18 m) in some areas. [7]
The ice prevents these lakes from mixing in winter. During summer, these lakes lack significant thermal stratification, and they mix thoroughly from top to bottom. These lakes are typical of cold-climate regions (e.g. much of the Arctic). [1] An example of a cold monomictic lake is Great Bear Lake in Canada. [2]
As cold air passes over the relatively warm water of the Great Lakes, significant lake-effect snow bands are expected to blanket several communities -- from Cleveland, Ohio, to Buffalo, New York ...
And frigid winds over the near-record warm Great Lakes will usher in the first major lake-effect snow event of the season. More than 6 million people under winter weather alerts could see 6 to 12 ...
The subarctic climate (also called subpolar climate, or boreal climate) is a continental climate with long, cold (often very cold) winters, and short, warm to cool summers. It is found on large landmasses, often away from the moderating effects of an ocean, generally at latitudes from 50°N to 70°N, poleward of the humid continental climates .