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Mapping of several bone diseases onto levels of vitamin D (calcidiol) in the blood [6] Normal bone vs. osteoporosis. Vitamin D deficiency is typically diagnosed by measuring the concentration of the 25-hydroxyvitamin D in the blood, which is the most accurate measure of stores of vitamin D in the body.
One common active form is 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D. [4] The term vitamin D in this article means cholecalciferol, ergocalciferol, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, and the active forms. The role of vitamin D is best characterized as enabling calcium absorption and regulating calcium homeostasis. Vitamin D also play a role in phosphate absorption. [5]
Vitamin D 3 (cholecalciferol) is produced industrially by exposing 7-dehydrocholesterol to UVB and UVC light, followed by purification. The 7-dehydrocholesterol is sourced as an extraction from lanolin, a waxy skin secretion in sheep's wool. [198] Vitamin D 2 (ergocalciferol) is produced in a similar way using ergosterol from yeast as a ...
Common, most foods do not contain vitamin D, indicating that a deficiency will occur unless people get sunlight exposure or eat manufactured foods purposely fortified with vitamin D. Vitamin D deficiency is a known cause of rickets, and has been linked to numerous other health problems. [46] [47] Vitamin E deficiency
Distinct strawberry tongue with "parched" lips as seen in a young child with Kawasaki disease. Strawberry tongue, or raspberry tongue, [25] is glossitis which manifests with hyperplastic (enlarged) fungiform papillae, giving the appearance of a strawberry. White strawberry tongue is where there is a white coating on the tongue through which the ...
Vitamin D and calcium supplements are measures that can be used to prevent and treat osteomalacia. Vitamin D should always be administered in conjunction with calcium supplementation (as the pair work together in the body) since most of the consequences of vitamin D deficiency are a result of impaired mineral ion homeostasis.
Sublingual strips—similar to tablets in that they easily melt in the mouth and dissolve rapidly. Suboxone is an example of medication that comes in a sublingual strip. Multi-purpose tablets—Soluble tablets for either oral or sublingual (or buccal ) administration, often also suitable for preparation of injections, Hydrostat ( hydromorphone ...
Vitamin A deficiency affects one third of children under age 5 around the world, [33] leading to 670,000 deaths and 250,000–500,000 cases of blindness. [34] Vitamin A supplementation has been shown to reduce all-cause mortality by 12 to 24%.