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In computer science, a generator is a routine that can be used to control the iteration behaviour of a loop.All generators are also iterators. [1] A generator is very similar to a function that returns an array, in that a generator has parameters, can be called, and generates a sequence of values.
The maximum signed 32 bit value (2 31 − 1) 16,777,216: 0100 0000 The largest consecutive integer in IEEE 754 single precision (2 24) 65,535: FFFF The maximum unsigned 16 bit value (2 16 − 1) 32,767 7FFF The maximum signed 16 bit value (2 15 − 1) 255: FF The maximum unsigned 8 bit value (2 8 − 1) 127 7F The maximum signed 8 bit value (2 ...
In the case of an integer, the variable definition is restricted to whole numbers only, and the range will cover every number within its range (including the maximum and minimum). For example, the range of a signed 16-bit integer variable is all the integers from −32,768 to +32,767.
Integer overflow can be demonstrated through an odometer overflowing, a mechanical version of the phenomenon. All digits are set to the maximum 9 and the next increment of the white digit causes a cascade of carry-over additions setting all digits to 0, but there is no higher digit (1,000,000s digit) to change to a 1, so the counter resets to zero.
In array languages, operations are generalized to apply to both scalars and arrays. Thus, a+b expresses the sum of two scalars if a and b are scalars, or the sum of two arrays if they are arrays. An array language simplifies programming but possibly at a cost known as the abstraction penalty.
The maximum period of lagged Fibonacci generators depends on the binary operation . If addition or subtraction is used, the maximum period is (2 k − 1) × 2 M−1. If multiplication is used, the maximum period is (2 k − 1) × 2 M−3, or 1/4 of period of the additive case. If bitwise xor is used, the maximum period is 2 k − 1.
This makes the min-max heap a very useful data structure to implement a double-ended priority queue. Like binary min-heaps and max-heaps, min-max heaps support logarithmic insertion and deletion and can be built in linear time. [3] Min-max heaps are often represented implicitly in an array; [4] hence it's referred to as an implicit data structure.
Some array data structures do not reallocate storage, but do store a count of the number of elements of the array in use, called the count or size. This effectively makes the array a dynamic array with a fixed maximum size or capacity; Pascal strings are examples of this.