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The use of slave and forced labour in Nazi Germany (German: Zwangsarbeit) and throughout German-occupied Europe during World War II took place on an unprecedented scale. [2] It was a vital part of the German economic exploitation of conquered territories. It also contributed to the mass extermination of populations in occupied Europe.
The women forced into these brothels came mainly from the women-only Ravensbrück concentration camp, [2] except for Auschwitz, which used its own prisoners. [3] In combination with the German military brothels in World War II, it is estimated that at least 34,140 female inmates were forced into sexual slavery during the Third Reich. [3]
Abortions were denied to the majority of German women, while coercive abortions were violently imposed on Roma and Jewish women. Nazi sexual politics harnessed two competing tendencies, playing into either when politically expedient: conservative currents of consternation and concern with sex on the one hand, and the greater historical trend of ...
[263] [264] A study by Robert J. Lilly estimates that at least a total of 14,000 civilian women in Britain, France and Germany were raped by American GIs during World War II. [ 265 ] [ 266 ] It is estimated that there were at least 3,500 rapes by American servicemen in France between June 1944 and the end of the war and one historian has ...
During the German occupation of Central and Eastern Europe in World War II (1941–44) over three million people were taken to Germany as Ostarbeiter. Some estimates put the number as high as 5.5 million. [6] Between two-thirds and three-quarters of the over 3,000,000 Ostarbeiter were Ukrainians. Kondufor wrote that 2,244,000 Ukrainians were ...
During the Second Sudanese Civil War people were taken into slavery; estimates of abductions range from 14,000 to 200,000. Abduction of Dinka women and children was common. [ 74 ] In Mauritania it is estimated that up to 600,000 men, women and children, or 20% of the population, are currently enslaved, many of them used as bonded labor . [ 75 ]
Women in World War II took on various roles from country to country. World War II involved global conflict on an unprecedented scale; the absolute urgency of mobilizing the entire population made the expansion of the role of women inevitable. Rosie the Riveter became an emblem of women's dedication to traditional male labor. [4]
Several hundred thousand women served in combat roles, especially in anti-aircraft units. The Soviet Union integrated women directly into their army units; approximately one million served in the Red Army, including about at least 50,000 on the frontlines; Bob Moore noted that "the Soviet Union was the only major power to use women in front-line roles," [2]: 358, 485 The United States, by ...